Ecology- Interactions

1. Ecology- Interactions Unit Target:HS-LS2-1 Use mathematical and/or computational representations to support explanations of factors that affect carrying capacity of ecosystems at different scales.HS-LS2-2 Use mathematical representations to support and revise explanations based on evidence about factors affecting biodiversity and populations in ecosystems of different scales.

2. Learning Target: Examine how the non-living factors in an environment influence what can live there. (R) True or False? Water is a biotic factor in an environment. False- it is abiotic A predator is a biotic factor in an environment. True Biotic factors are dependent on abiotic factors. True

3. DLT: Define the niche of an organism. • What is a niche? • It is the range of physical and 
biological conditions in which the 
organism lives and the way in 
which the organism uses these 
conditions. • Describe the niche of a deer. • Forest habitat • Eats plants • Wolves are its predator

4. Learning Target: Define biodiversity. (K) Which of the following is the correct definition of biodiversity. a. The total number of nutrients in a given area b. The amount of organisms per cubic meter c. The total of all the genetically based variation in all organisms in the biosphere • The total amount of organisms an ecosystem can hold before reaching carrying capacity c.

5. Learning Target: Explain the value of biodiversity in an ecosystem. (R) Which of the following is not considered one of the values of biodiversity? • Medicines come from a diversity of plants • Diversity results in the water cycle • Diversity provides us with many foods containing a variety of nutrients • Diversity makes the world esthetically pleasing b.

6. Learning Target: Identify the role of biodiversity in species survival (R)

7. Match each threat to biodiversity with an example of how it may affect a salmon population. It’s too hot for the salmon eggs to hatch Removes too many salmon from the river A dam along the river prevents salmon from swimming up stream A paper mill releases chemicals into the river Carp stir up the clean river and deprive it of sunlight. Fragmentation Over-hunting Invasive species Pollution Climate change

8. Name organisms that would be affected if apple trees were to become extinct. • Bees- nectar for queen bee • Ants- sugar in apples for queen ant • Humans-food, beverages, jobs, firewood • Small mammals- food source • Decomposers- food source • Birds- nesting site

9. Learning Target: Define a population. (K) True or False? All the members of a particular kingdom that live in one area are called a population. False species

10. Population density must include • the number of individuals • the amount of area • the limiting factors • both a and b are correct d.

11. Does the event increase, decrease or not affect the size of a population? Birth rate Death rate Immigration Emigration Limited resources Increase Decrease Increase Decrease Decrease

12. Learning Target: Define types of population growth (K) Linear growth Exponential growth Logistic growth When a population reproduces at a constant rate (ex: doubling) Same increase in individuals for each time period (ex. 2 per year) A period in which growth slows after a period of rapid growth Match the type of growth with the correct definition.

13. Learning Target: Investigate the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on population growth (R) Is the factor described biotic or abiotic? Is the factor more likely to increase or decrease the population? A winter of heavy snow An increase in wolves amongst a deer population Taking an antibiotic for an earache Abiotic Decreases populations Biotic Decreases deer Abiotic Decreases bacteria

14. Match each vocabulary word with the correct definition. Limiting Factor Density-dependent limiting factor Density-independent limiting factor Only affective when the population reaches a certain level Something that controls the growth of a population A factor that affects all populations in the same way.

15. Learning Target: Investigate the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on population growth. True or False? Populations grow exponentially when resources are limited. False, unlimited Limiting factors determine the carrying capacity of an environment for a species. True

16. Learning Target: Interpret graphs of population growth. (S) • Explain what is happening at each stage on the graph found on the next page.

18. How are predator- prey populations related? As prey decreases, predator numbers _______________ Increase But will eventually decrease as resources become limited.