Inaugural lecture - Professor of the Practice Bengt Ramne

1. A human being should be able to change a diaper, plan an invasion, butcher a hog, conn a ship, design a building, write a sonnet, balance accounts, build a wall, set a bone, comfort the dying, take orders, give orders, cooperate, act alone, solve equations, analyse a new problem, pitch manure, program a computer, cook a tasty meal, fight efficiently, die gallantly. Specialization is for insects. -Robert A. Heinlein

2. When, where, how and why the academy should develop a closer relationship with the marine industry? Inaugural lecture - Professor of the Practice Bengt Ramne Chalmers University of TechnologyDepartment of Shipping and Marine TechnologyDivision of Marine DesignGothenburg, Sweden

3. …. butfirst a completely different question • Whoam I?

4. The academy should develop a closer relationship with the marine industry • Why? • Evolve or die! • Enhance the competiveness of the marine industry • Reduce the environmental impact • Feed back from the industry to identify area of relevance • Contribute to a broader knowledge-base for students and researchers • How? • Create applied development projects • Where? • What about here? • When? • What about now?

5. Fuelconsumption and CO2 emissions Source: Eyringet al. J Geophys Res 110 (2005) compiled by Erik Fridell IVL 2007

6. NOx, SOx and PM emissions Source: Eyringet al. J Geophys Res 110 (2005) compiled by Erik Fridell IVL 2007

9. The academy should develop a closer relationship with the marine industry • Why? • Evolve or die! • Enhance the competiveness of the marine industry • Reduce the environmental impact • Feed back from the industry to identify area of relevance • Contribute to a broader knowledge-base for students and researchers • How? • Create applied development projects • Where? • What about here? • When? • What about now?

10. Applieddevelopment projects • Engines and fuels

11. Alternative Marine Fuel - Feedstock and products

12. SPIRETH - Stena Scanrail SPIRETH – 2013-11-26

13. 2CH3OH → CH3OCH3 + H2O Liquidmethanol Does not work as diesel fuel Temp increase to 200 C Catalyticreactorapprox 90% conversion Modified diesel engine Pressure increase to 16 bar Service tank 1600 L DME 260 L Water 140 L Methanol One phaseliquide at 13 bar SPIRETH – 2013-11-26

14. Wärtsilä Dual Fuel Concept for Methanol Methanol or Gas - Diesel Picture from Wärtsilä FKAB Kontaktknytarkväll 2011-10-06

15. MAN S50ME-B9.3-LGITwo stroke high pressure gas (methanol) engine Methanol new buildings Six 50 000 dwt Chemical Tankers

17. Wärtsilä RT-flex50DF Two stroke low pressure gas (methanol) engine

18. Engine-fuelpossibilitiestoconsider • DME (diesel) • Gas/Methanol-Diesel (diesel) • Spark ignition (otto) • Dual Fuel – (otto /diesel) • Two stroke high pressure LGI (diesel) • Two stroke low pressure (otto) • Partial premix combustion (otto/diesel) • Ignition enhancer

19. Applieddevelopment projects fuel and engine technology • Alternative fuelled marine engines • Development and evaluation of alternative engine technologies • Development and evaluation of components like fuel pumps, injection valves, glow plugs etc. • Development of retrofit kits for existing engines • Gas based marine fuels – especially methanol • Development of the fuels as such with regards to ignition properties, lubrication ability, safety aspects etc • Alternative fuel – sustainably produced • Improved production methods out of a wide range of feedstock. • Carbon Capture and Recycling • Methanol produced out of fossil free produced hydrogen and captured carbon dioxide • Life cycle analysis

20. Applieddevelopment projects • Engines and fuels • Energy efficiency, saving, recovery and conversion

21. Efficiency - priorities • Logistic system • Utilization of ship • Selection of main parameters • Capacity and speed • Cargo handling • Time in port, speed at sea • Operation routines • Speed profile, weather routing • Hull shape • Propeller size and propeller design • Main engine selection • Energy preservation and recovery Imperfection at a higher level can never be fully compensated by perfection at a lower level

22. M/S Credo Main particulars

23. Energy saving potential - housekeepingAnnual fuel consumption approx 5 000 ton Annual saving approx SEK 1 000 000 540 ton CO2

24. Energy recovery and conversion Jacket water cooler 6.3% Heat radiation 0.6% Exhaust gas 25.4% Lube oil cooler 4.3% Air cooler 14.1% Fuel energy content 100% Shaft power output 49.3%

25. Energy recovery and conversion Organic Rankin Cycle - ORC Generator Turbine Evaporator Condenser ORC EGB Thermal oil or steam 250kW

27. Energy recovery and transformation Annual saving approx SEK 1 500 000 810 ton CO2

28. Thermodynamics

29. Fluid dynamics Screw expander Radial expansion turbine

30. Heat transfer Exhaust gas boiler Tube and shell Plate

31. Pumps Centrifugal pump Screw pump Piston pump Membrane pump

32. Valves Gate valve Globe valve Butterfly valve Ball valve

33. Applieddevelopment projects Energy efficiency, saving, recovery and conversion • Housekeeping • Energy Recovery • Energy conversion • System integration

34. Applieddevelopment projects • Engines and fuels • Energy efficiency, saving, recovery and conversion • Sail assisted propulsion

35. M/T Excello Annual saving approx SEK 2 500 000 1350 ton CO2 Main particulars 1 100 m2 Telescopic Sail

36. EffShipPanamax with rotors and sails Rotor projected area 530 m2 Kite area 640 m2 Sailprojected area 3550 m2

39. Shipping route Rotterdam Caracass

40. Applieddevelopment projects Sail assisted propulsion • Sail profile optimisation • Sail material • Rig structural optimization • Rig manoeuvring mechanics • Sail control system • Rules and regulations

41. Applieddevelopment projects • Engines and fuels • Energy efficiency, saving, recovery and conversion • Sail assisted propulsion • Emission abatement technology

42. Applied development projects Emission abatements technologis

43. Applieddevelopment projects • Engines and fuels • Energy efficiency, saving, recovery and conversion • Sail assisted propulsion • Emission abatement technology • Offshore installations

46. The academy should develop a closer relationship with the marine industry • Why? • Evolve or die! • Enhance the competiveness of the marine industry • Reduce the environmental impact • Feed back from the industry to identify area of relevance • Contribute to a broader knowledge-base for students and researchers • How? • Create applied development projects • Where? • What about here? • When? • What about now?

47. Good conditions for a close relation between the academy and the marine industry MAN Volvo Penta GESAB S-MAN Gotenius TTS Ships Equipment Bergs Propulsion Transatlantic DNV Chalmers Ö-varvet Wärtsilä GVAC Cityvarvet Göteborg Energi FKAB Stena Svensk Sjöfarts tidning PREEM ACL Cobelfret Lloyds Register Gothia Marine Stora Enso Basstech Cargotech DFDS Ide Marine Port of Gothenburg ScandiNAOS Canopus SOL Marinvest Sjöfartsverket BRAX shipping Sjöfartens analysinstitut SSPA Melship Gothenburg Chartering Laurin Maritime Breakwater Publishing DEC Donsö Furetank Veritas tankers Swedia Bunker service Donsötank Sirius Älvtank Ektank

48. The academy should develop a closer relationship with the marine industry • Why? • Evolve or die! • Enhance the competiveness of the marine industry • Reduce the environmental impact • Feed back from the industry to identify area of relevance • Contribute to a broader knowledge-base for students and researchers • How? • Create applied development projects • Where? • What about here? • When? • What about now?

49. Why now is a good time to get started • The need is great • Upcoming emission rules • Increased fuel cost • Actions are desperately need to get on track to the 2020 and 2050 environmental targets • EU and the Swedish Government has acknowledge the need to support development in the marine sector • TEN-T • Horizon 2020 • Strategiskainnovationsområde (SIO) • The Swedish Shipowners Association has a compiled a long list of urgent projects

50. Which project to get started with?