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The Dirty Dozens (AKA “THE DOUBLE D’S”). English 3 – Mr. McGowan THE FOLLOWING ERRORS ARE FORBIDDEN IN ALL WORK FROM NOW ON – YOU MUST BE AWARE OF THE DOUBLE D’S!. DD #1 – Past tense of “would”. COMMON ERROR: I would of gone yesterday but I had to work.
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The Dirty Dozens(AKA “THE DOUBLE D’S”) English 3 – Mr. McGowan THE FOLLOWING ERRORS ARE FORBIDDEN IN ALL WORK FROM NOW ON – YOU MUST BE AWARE OF THE DOUBLE D’S!
DD #1 – Past tense of “would” • COMMON ERROR: • I would of gone yesterday but I had to work. • I shoulda done the work but I was too lazy. • I could of passed the test but I didn’t study. • WHAT SHOULD IT BE? • I would have gone yesterday but I had to work. • I should have done the work but I was too lazy. • I could’ve passed the test but I didn’t study.
DD #2 – The Subjunctive of “To Be” • COMMON ERROR: • If I was you, I never would have done that. • If I was John Proctor, I would have confessed and lived. • If he was older, he never would have gotten the job, (Something that isn’t true) • WHAT SHOULD IT BE? • If I were you, I never would have done that. • If I were John Proctor, I would have confessed and lived. • If he were older, he never would have gotten the job.
DD #3 – “They’re”, etc. • I went to my neighbor’s house to give them back they’re rake. • Their are many reasons why I hate English class. • There not going on Saturday night.
“THEY’RE” RULES • “They’re” = THEY ARE • “There” = There is or There Are. • or: Where? There. • “Their” = Possessive, belongs to them
DD #4 – “Less/Fewer” and “Amount/Number” • I have a lot less money than you do. • You have fewer problems than I do. • What is the correct amount of change? • I have a large number of students.
RULES • Use LESS or AMOUNT with singular nouns • Or, things that are ABSTRACT and can’t exactly be physically counted • Use FEWER or NUMBER with plural nouns • Things you can COUNT physically
There are (less / fewer) than five dress shirts in Mario’s closet. • You have (less / fewer) money today that you had yesterday.
DD #5 – Accept vs. Except • 1. I cannot (accept / except) this award because I wasn’t responsible for the discovery. • 2. Everyone is a good person in this class (accept / except) for you.
Accept = To receive, or admit to yourself • Except = everything but • Exceptions to the rule • Emerson says you must (accept / except) the plan that divine Providence has for you. • I hate every class (accept /except) this one.
DD #6 – Among vs. Between • (Among / Between) you and me, I think this is a mistake. • (Among / Between) the four of us, let’s keep this a secret. • (Among / Between) all of you, Mike does the best job.
AMONG = 3 or more • BETWEEN – 2 • I can’t choose (among / between) these four dresses for the prom. • (Among / Between) you and me, I think that guy is an idiot.
DD #7 – Whether vs. Weather • I can never remember (whether / weather) to use “weather” in this situation. • Does anyone know what the (whether / weather) is supposed to be tomorrow? • You should just stay on target and (whether/ weather) the storm.
WEATHER = related to climate • Or: Verb meaning “TO STICK IT OUT” • WHETHER = choice • No need for “or not” • I can’t decide whether or not to go.
This (weather / whether) is terrible. • Bill is wondering (weather / whether) he should go to the prom. • I’m feeling kind of under the (weather / whether) today.
Whether the weather be cold Whether the weather be hot, We’ll be together whatever the weather Whether we like it or not.
DD #8 – Further vs. Farther • I live a lot (further / farther) away from school than you do. • I don’t think we’re going to be able to go any (further /farther) with the project. • If you go (further / farther) than that, you will drive right past it.
FARTHER = comparative of “FAR” • Used with MEASURABLE DISTANCE • Maryland is far, but South Dakota is farther. • FURTHER = a situation WITHOUT physical distance • I can’t go any further on the project without your help.
I’m going to wrap up the presentation if you have no (further / farther) questions. • Sven threw the discus 14 feet (further / farther) than Olaf did. • That statement couldn’t be any (further / farther) from the truth.
DD #9 – Lose/Loose and Choose/Chose • The hockey team doesn't want to (lose / loose) the game. • The girl had such a bad sunburn that she could only wear (lose / loose) clothes. • These days, I usually (chose / choose) to waste my life away playing video games. • In the past, I always (chose / choose) wisely.
LOSE = not to win, or to misplace • LOOSE = not tight • LOOSEN = to make something less tight • CHOOSE = present tense, to decide • CHOSE = past tense, to decide • CHOSEN = past participle, decided/picked
The shoes were so big that they were ___________ on the little boy's feet. • After the bad weather, the penned up dogs were set ____________ to run outside again. • The pet store manager was told to __________ the dog's collar as it was much too tight around his neck. • It is a terrible thing to _________ one's self respect. • You will _______________ out if you don't get there before the sale ends.
I (choose / chose) to vote for you in the election last year. • We (choose / chose) our own representatives in this country. • You (choose / chose) the wrong path by coming here.
DD #10 – Lie/Lay, etc. • I just want to go home and (lie / lay) down. • Last week, Steve (lay / lain / laid) down at work because he was sick. • Last week, I (lay / lied / laid) the TPS report on your desk. • Steve has (lay / lied / lain / laid) on the floor for days.
LIE = to rest (to lie down) • Right now, I am lying on my bed. • Yesterday, I lay down and took a nap • I have lain in bed late every morning this week. • LAY = to put (something) down • I am laying the book down as we speak. • Yesterday I laid the cup down before it spilled. • I have laid it down every morning this week. • LIE = to tell an untruth • You are lying to me. • I know you lied to me last week. • You have lied to me since I’ve known you.
I just want to go home and (lie / lay) down. • Last week, Steve (lay / lain / laid) down at work because he was sick. • Last week, I (lay / lied / laid) the TPS report on your desk. • Steve has (lay / lied / lain / laid) on the floor for days.
DD #11 – Sit/Set and Rise/Raise • I want to go home and (sit / set) down for an hour. • My arms are tired; can I (sit / set) the couch down for a minute? • If you want to speak, I prefer if you (rise / raise) your hand. • What time does the sun (rise / raise) in the morning?
SIT = to rest in a seated position (no direct objects) • SET = to put (something) in a place (needs a D.O.) • RISE = to go upward (no objects) • RAISE = to cause (something) to rise (usually needs an object)
Before you come to dinner, (sit / set) your suitcase on the bed. • While people are talking, can you (sit / set) still? • The Amish people can build a barn and (rise / raise) it within a few days. • Sometimes it’s hard to (rise / raise) from bed early on weekends. • Sometimes it’s hard to (rise / raise) myself out of bed early on weekends.
DD #12 – Misplaced “ONLY” • See other PPT