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The Early Roman Empire

The Early Roman Empire. Journey Across Time Chapter 8 Section 4. Augustus. By expanding the Roman Empire and reorganizing the military and government, Augustus created a new era of prosperity, starting ca 27 BC. Military. Augustus built a permanent, professional army of about

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The Early Roman Empire

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  1. The Early Roman Empire Journey Across Time Chapter 8 Section 4

  2. Augustus By expanding the Roman Empire and reorganizing the military and government, Augustus created a new era of prosperity, starting ca 27 BC.

  3. Military • Augustus built a permanent, professional army of about 150,000 men (all Roman Citizens) • Created Praetorian Guard consisting of 9,000 men in charge of guarding emperor • Legions conquered new land incl. Spain, Gaul, and what is today known as Hungary, Austria, Romania, and Bulgaria

  4. Rome • Art flourished: Augustus rebuilt Rome with palaces, fountains, and splendid public buildings • “I found Rome a city of brick, and left it a city of marble,” he boasted • Imported grain from Africa to feed the poor • Created the first fire department

  5. Government • Huge population (over 50 million people), so appointed a proconsul/governor to each province, replacing the previous senate • Reformed tax system, making it more fair • Reformed the legal system, creating a set of laws for those not yet citizens • Fed the poor, since knew a well-fed population was less likely to cause trouble

  6. After Augustus Augustus died in A.D. 14, after ruling for almost 40 years The next 4 emperors all came from his family • Tiberius 14-37 A.D. • Relative and trained by Augustus • Ruled competently • Caligula 37-41 A.D. • Crazy and cruel! • Murdered many and wasted money • Even made his favorite horse a consul • Eventually killed by Praetorian Guard • Claudius 41-54 A.D. • Replaced Caligula • Ruled competently • Nero 54-68 A.D. • Vicious! • Killed mother, two wives • Best remembered for having “fiddled while Rome burned” in 64 A.D. Actually a lyre. • Committed suicide

  7. Unity and Prosperity • After Nero, Vespasian took the throne and restored peace and order. • Began constructing the Colosseum • Followed by sons, and then the 5 “Good Emperors,” which improved Roman life in man • Rome’s system of roads, aqueducts (a human-made channel for water), ports, and common currency made the empire rich and prosperous

  8. The Good Emperors

  9. Summary By expanding the Roman Empire and reorganizing the military and government, Augustus created a new era of prosperity.

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