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Forging new generations of engineers

Forging new generations of engineers. Introduction to Statistics. Statistics Lab. Using Packages of Colored Candies. Purpose of Statistics:. Describe a set of numbers and then make accurate inferences (a.k.a. educated guesses) about that group of data based on incomplete information.

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Forging new generations of engineers

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  1. Forging new generations of engineers

  2. Introduction to Statistics

  3. Statistics Lab Using Packages of Colored Candies

  4. Purpose of Statistics: Describe a set of numbers and then make accurate inferences (a.k.a. educated guesses) about that group of data based on incomplete information

  5. Statistics Involves: • Gathering Data • Organizing Data (sometimes pictorially) • Analyzing Data

  6. The Problems: • Although candies are sold by weight rather than volume, how many candies can I expect when I open a 1.69 oz package? 2) How likely is it that the numbers of colors in each package occurred randomly?

  7. Gathering Data: • Open your package of Candy • Separate, count and record the number of each color in the package.

  8. Enter the Headings as shown Organize the Data: • Open an EXCEL Spreadsheet Document

  9. Enter the data in the spreadsheet Organize the Data: Continue with the entire class’s information.

  10. Analyzing Data: problem 1 Although candies are sold by weight rather than volume, how many candies can I expect when I open a 1.69 oz package? What do I need to know?

  11. Analyzing Data: Measures of Central Tendency Mean = “Average” Median = Number in the Middle Mode = Number used Most

  12. Analyzing Data: Measures of Variability Range = Spread Standard Deviation = The “average” distance each piece of data is from the mean

  13. Insert the categories of Mean, Median, Range and Standard Deviation to your spreadsheet: Analyzing Data:

  14. Analyzing Data: Use the Insert > Function capabilities of Excel to do the calculations

  15. Analyzing Data: What do each of these calculations mean? • Supposed I only get 22 candies. Am I being cheated in “quantity”? 2) How about 74 candies?

  16. Analyzing Data: problem 2 How likely is it that the numbers of colors in each package occurred randomly? How can I test this?

  17. Analyzing Data:using an EXCEL function ChiTest A test for independence which returns the probability that your observed data and your expected data are related. In this case we are seeking an answer to: How likely is it that the candies counted were packaged strictly by chance?

  18. Analyzing Data: Hypothesis: The observed number of colored candies per package is not significantly different than the number found if the candies were packaged purely at random.

  19. Analyzing Data: The CHITEST returns a value between 0 and 1. The closer the number is to 1, the more likely your hypothesis is true. Back to EXCEL

  20. On your own: Mars company claims that their candies are packaged according to the following color percentages: 10% 30% 10% 20% 20% 10% Analyzing Data: Use EXCEL CHITEST function to determine the probability that your bag of candies were packaged according to these percentages.

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