一 Bell Ringer

1. 一 Bell Ringer Pick up an analysis work sheet from the front of the room and put your first and last name on the name line at the top. We will be writing definitions on this sheet. When you see an underlined phrase, you should write it down. I will need nine readers for the skit. Write your names on the board before the bell rings.

2. “It is better to debate a question without settling it than to settle a question without debating it.”– Joseph Joubert,a French writer (1754-1824) What does it mean to debate something? What does it mean to settle a debate?

3. “It is better to debate a question without settling it than to settle a question without debating it.”– Joseph Joubert,a French writer (1754-1824) What does it mean to debate something? What does it mean to settle a debate? What does the first half mean?

4. “It is better to debate a question without settling it than to settle a question without debating it.”– Joseph Joubert,a French writer (1754-1824) What does it mean to debate something? What does it mean to settle a debate? What does the first half mean? What does the second half mean?

5. “It is better to debate a question without settling it than to settle a question without debating it.”– Joseph Joubert,a French writer (1754-1824) What does it mean to debate something? What does it mean to settle a debate? What does the first half mean? What does the second half mean? Do you agree with Mr. Joubert? (Raise your hands)

6. 二 Up For Debate It’s not just an argument!

7. What is DEBATE? • Debate is a formal type of argument. • There are several forms of debate, but all include guidelines that make sure everyone has a chance to speak their minds.

8. TOPIC Every debate has a topic. This should be a pretty specific topic statement, not a question! “Cell phones should not be allowed in school.” “School should start at 10am and end at 5pm.” A debate is most interesting when it is on a topic that people disagree about!

9. What do you think? As each topic appears, give a thumbs up if you think it’s a good topic for a debate or a thumbs down if you think it would make for a bad debate.

10. What do you think? Cell phones should not be allowed in schools. This is a good choice for a debate topic because… … it is specific. … it is controversial (not everyone agrees).

11. What do you think? I love animals. This is a poor topic for a debate because… … it isn’t specific! … it isn’t controversial (there is no disagreement)!

12. What do you think? Making healthy food choices is good for you. This is a poor topic for a debate because… … while it is specific, it isn’t controversial!

13. What do you think? Zayn is the best candidate for President. This is a good topic for a debate because… … it is specific! … it is controversial!

14. TWO SIDES Every debate has two sides. AFFIRMATIVE This side says that the topic statement is correct. NEGATIVE This side says that the topic statement is wrong.

15. STRUCTURE Both people need a turn to speak! There are many different kinds of debate… Here is one example: A speaker makes the argument that supports the debate topic. Affirmative Argument

16. STRUCTURE Both people need a turn to speak! There are many different kinds of debate… Here is one example: The negative side asks the affirmative side questions about their argument. Affirmative Argument Cross Examination

17. STRUCTURE Both people need a turn to speak! There are many different kinds of debate… Here is one example: A speaker makes the argument that goes against the debate topic. Affirmative Argument Cross Examination Negative Argument

18. STRUCTURE Both people need a turn to speak! There are many different kinds of debate… Here is one example: The affirmative side asks the negative side questions about their argument Affirmative Argument Cross Examination Negative Argument Cross Examination

19. STRUCTURE Both people need a turn to speak! There are many different kinds of debate… Here is one example: The affirmative side “rebuts” the negative side’s argument. Affirmative Argument Cross Examination Negative Argument Cross Examination Affirmative Rebuttal

20. WAIT!! What does it mean to “rebut”something?? A rebuttalis when one side gives evidence that disproves an argument made by the other side of the debate.

21. STRUCTURE Both people need a turn to speak! There are many different kinds of debate… Here is one example: The negative side rebuts the affirmative argument. Affirmative Argument Cross Examination Negative Argument Cross Examination Affirmative Rebuttal Negative Rebuttal

22. STRUCTURE Both people need a turn to speak! There are many different kinds of debate… Here is one example: The affirmative side gets one last chance to make a rebuttal. Affirmative Argument Cross Examination Negative Argument Cross Examination Affirmative Rebuttal Negative Rebuttal Second Affirmative Rebuttal

23. How long it is all supposed to take… Builds the main argument for each side! Asks questions about each side’s statements! Each side defends its arguments with more evidence and shows how the other side’s evidence is faulty

24. Why debate at all? • Debate helps us learn more about topics. When we listen to two people debate, we learn both arguments. • Debate helps us explore topics ourselves. When we participate in debate, we are forced to learn about both arguments and examine our own opinions.

25. Most Importantly… As United States citizens we have the right to express and defend our position. It is also our responsibility to be informed. It’s not that way in all countries… Can you imagine what it would be like if you couldn’t speak your mind?!

26. 三 Debate Skit When your number appears on the screen, please stand up and read your part. Everyone else should read along quietly while listening.

27. Moderator: Welcome to today’s debate. Our two sides will be debating school uniforms. They will be using a formal model for debate and will be debating this topic: “School uniforms should be required in all schools.”

28. 1: We believe that school uniforms should be worn at all schools. School uniforms have been given a bad rap, but they are a solution for lots of problems faced by teens and schools. There is a lot of peer pressure in school to look “cool.” Uniforms solve the problem of looking cool. Everyone is on the same level!

29. 1: An added bonus is that uniforms prepare kids for the working world. When we get jobs we will have to dress professionally and uniforms help us learn how to do that.

30. 1: Most importantly, uniforms will make the students’ life easier! No more worrying about what to wear in the morning. You can use those extra five minutes to sleep in!

31. 2: What kinds of big problems do uniforms solve?

32. 3: Uniforms have been shown in several school districts to help with discipline, attendance, and academics.

33. 2: Are uniforms going to stop people from wanting to be cool?

34. 3: No, but uniforms take care of clothes which is the biggest way we judge each other.

35. 4: We believe that school uniforms are more harmful than helpful. Uniforms take away our ability to express ourselves.

36. 4: Uniforms won’t make us work harder in school. Kids who wear uniforms don’t necessarily do better at school than kids who don’t wear uniforms.

37. 4: People also say that uniforms decrease violence rates in schools, but there is no evidence to support this argument.

38. 4: Also, uniforms are expensive and we are entitled to a free education! All in all, uniforms are a bad idea for us and for our school.

39. 5: What evidence do you have to support your claim that students who don’t wear uniforms are just as good at school as students who wear uniforms?

40. 6: A study by David Brunsma and Kerry Rockquemore published in 1998 says that there is no direct connection between uniforms and good academic performance.

41. 5: Are all kids who wear uniforms unhappy?

42. 6: A poll of my classmates says that 95% of students say they would be unhappy if they had to wear uniforms.

43. Moderator: We will now begin the rebuttals.

44. 7: While my opponent raises some good points, it is important that we look at the facts. In Miami, Florida (1996-1997), schools reported that discipline improved after uniforms were made mandatory. Also, Psychology Today reported that in Long Beach, California, studies showed improved attendance and a drop in violence in schools with mandatory uniforms. While it is easy to say that uniforms have no good effect on students, the studies show that uniforms help solve problems in schools.

45. 8: David Brunsma, an associate professor of sociology at the University of Missouri-Columbia has spent 10 years researching how uniforms affect education. His study says that there are no statistics proving uniforms affect attendance, discipline, safety or substance abuse. He says that there are other factors, apart from uniforms, that have a bigger impact on behavior and academics.

46. 9: That is only one study. Uniforms are supported by teachers and principals everywhere because the effects of uniforms are clear. When schools implement uniforms, like in Long Beach, California, there is a drop in fights and an improvement in attendance. Kids like to be a part of something and a uniform makes kids feel like they are part of something important: school!

47. Moderator: And that concludes today’s debate.

48. 四 Debate Analysis Together as a class, let’s analyze the debate. If you know the answers to my questions, call them out.