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Training for the legal Bar between 2004 – 2008:. the profile of pupil barristers in England and Wales. Anna Zimdars (Manchester) & Jennifer Sauboorah (Bar Standards Board). ABFN November 18 2009. Overview. Rationale Methods Findings Future Research Discussion.
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Training for the legal Bar between 2004 – 2008: the profile of pupil barristers in England and Wales Anna Zimdars (Manchester) & Jennifer Sauboorah (Bar Standards Board) ABFN November 18 2009
Overview • Rationale • Methods • Findings • Future Research • Discussion
Three Questionsabout entry to the Bar I II III What should the What is it? How do we profile of entrants be?change it?
Motivation • Equality of Opportunity • Monitoring
Leave Leave Leave Leave Legal Training Schooling University Promotions Honours Salary Area of practice Employment status ideal research • from cradle to pinnacle of professional life • attrition at every stage
Actual Research Design • Who are the pupils? (2004-2008) • Context • Low success rate • Merit selection • Limitations • cross-sectional
Data & Methods (study 1) • Data Source • Pupillage survey - High response rate, about 95 % • about 2,000 observations for four years (2004-08) • Data details • parent occupation, ethnicity, gender, age • University first degree, degree class, conversion course, BVC grade • Analysis: • Description of pupils • Pupillage earnings • Employed or self-employed practice • Region – London or outside
Pupils’ attainment Pupils: + Oxbridge + Firsts + BVC outstanding
Pupils’ social background Pupils: + high SES + White + male + not disabled
Pupillage Earnings • Education effects • + Oxbridge (+4 to 6 K) • + First (+4 to 6 K) • + BVC outstanding (+ 3K) • Remaining effects of social background • - female (-1 K) • - older than 25 (-1 K) Working class and minority disadvantages in earnings accounted for by educational attainment
Employment Status – employed Bar Attainnment • Not Oxbridge • Not First Equalities Groups • Female • Older than 25 • Disability
Location Bar: + London Bar Other professional employment
London Oxbridge First Older than 25 Ethnic minority Location – London v Regions • Regions • Not Oxbridge • 2:1 or below • Young • White Working class concentration outside London accounted for by attainment factors
Future Research (study 2) • Longitudinal Study BVC entry into pupillage entry into tenancy • BVC 2000 to 2004 • model • Secondary schooling • pupillage and tenancy • area of practice • Prevalence of merit selection