Presentation Transcript

1. CMY203G

   Child and Youth misbehaviour

2. http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/homework/victorians/children/working.htm http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/homework/victorians/children/working.htm http://womenshistory.about.com/od/elizabethi/ig/Queen-Elizabeth-I-of-England/Young-Royalty.htm http://www.mmu.ac.uk/news/news-items/1375/ http://histclo.com/act/work/cou/work-eng.html
3. Module overview
4. Key concepts Biographical factors and youth misbehaviour Nature of youth misbehaviour Extent of youth misbehaviour in SA Summary Theme 1
5. Youth misbehaviour is a huge problem in South Africa There are a lot of factors that contribute to Youth misbehaviour SA is a unique country with regards to youth delinquency due to our past Study Unit 1.1: Nature and extent of youth misbehaviour
6. http://africanhistory.about.com/od/significantevents/ig/SowetoUprising1976Gallery/AerialViewOfSowetoUprising.htm http://africanhistory.about.com/od/significantevents/ig/SowetoUprising1976Gallery/AerialViewOfSowetoUprising.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soweto_uprising http://outofafrica2010.wordpress.com/2010/06/17/south-africa-youth-day-the-soweto-uprising-remembered/
7. Child (Sec 1.3.1 Pg 7) Anderson et al: less than the age of majority Terreblanche: children younger than 18 Youth (Sec 1.3.1 Pg 7) Newburn: broad category of teenagers, youths and adolescents Muncie: Between the ages of 12-20 yrs (not all the same) Anderson et al : someone who hasn't reached majority Misbehaviour (Sec 1.3.1 Pg 7) Crime: against the law Misbehaviour: behaviour that is undesirable Key concepts
8. Status offender (Sec 1.3.2.2 & 3.2.1 Pg 9 ) Actions committed by youth who needs supervision or assistance Same action committed by an adult is not a crime Chronic juvenile offender (Sec 3.2.4 Pg 24) Wolfgang et al: defined as someone who has clashed with the law at least 5 times Chronic only make up a small % of the offenders Key concepts
9. 7 factors that shows chronic offender (PG 44)
10. Definition of sexual offence Offender: Person under 18 Victim: Person of any age Against the victim will Aggressive, exploitative, threatening manner Sexual offences
11. Hoghugi Non-contact abuse Sexual molestation Sexual assault – rape Sexual offences
12. Sexual offences
13. A large amount of cases is not prosecuted Due to the belief that they are not hardened criminals If a child is prosecuted Make child accountable for the crime Promote reintegration of child into community Ensure there is correct supervision, guidance, treatment Sexual offences Dealing with youth sexual offenders
14. South African Young Sex Offenders Project (SYStOP) Made up of NGO’s Diversion program Age: 12-16 years Crime: Sexual Offence 1st time offenders Acknowledge responsibility for the offence Only few aggravating factors 10 session programme Sexual offences Dealing with youth sexual offenders
15. Three minors implicated in the recorded gang rape are due to go on trial together with their three adult co-accused. Prosecutors are still deciding on the criminal capacity of a 13-year-old accused. our minors accused of gang raping a Soweto teenager were released on bail placed under house arrest and have agreed to move communities for their safety. Rape of a girl in Soweto
16. Variety of acts perpetrated on the school grounds School shootings Large amount of gun violence in schools Columbine shootings Do you think these can be classed as the same as gun violence in SA? Mbeki – signed the Firearms Control Act, 2000 Gun free zones A person can be charged and jailed if they enter a gun free zone with a gun School violence
17. Little research in SA schools Def: repeated oppression Bullying in schools
18. http://genehoyas.com/anti-bully-bullies/
19. A correct definition of bullying Different forms of bullying must be identified Observation and questions Anti-bullying committee Anti-bullying activities Prevention of bullying
20. Video on bullying
21. Thrill seeking hate crimes, reactive hate crimes and mission hate crimes Hate and bias crimes (PG 39)
22. Leading cause 15-21 years Remember that the perp and victim is interchangable Read the cases on page 40 Fox & levin – the crack cocaine market is a leading factor More common is a gang context Firearms, poverty, substance abuse, family pathology, impulsiveness – all contribute Youth homicide
23. Maderthaner DCS – 2004 – prison population – 43% - 25 yrs or younger Increase of amount of children involved in violent & organised crime since 2000 SAPS – 43% of SA’s youth are at risk of becoming offender 2000 – aggressive offences increased and property-related offences decreased Pg 46 – look at tables Extent of youth misbehaviour in sa
24. No special juvenile courts in SA However, courts – where possible – held in camera Before prosecution – age of responsibility must be established Common law – under 7 years – lack of criminal capacity However such young children do – how can they be capable of committing crime BUT not be responsible for them Children between 7-13 – lack criminal capacity – however can be rebutted if a child can tell the difference between right and wrong (Soweto rape case) Official crime stats
25. 14-17 years Have criminal capacity 18 years Adult After arrest – child may be detained IF it is necessary Male and females must be seperate Pre-trial detention and after a sentence After court appearance – they must be released into their parents custody If not possible – then can be detained in a place of safety Official crime stats
26. Court must be guided by Proportionality Accountability Family preservation Restorative of the relationship between offender and community Before a youth can be incarcerated
27. Unreported crimes Dark figure! Unofficial crime information sources
28. Youth are involved in property and violent offences We will never know the true number of offenders Youth offenders are as violent as adults (talking teenagers) Teenagers struggle as they do not fit into society summary
29. Indicate the correlation between biological crime-related factors and youth misbehaviour Full essay format Use at least one external resource Assignment – Pg 5