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Learn how SATEC provides resources to improve math skills through technology in classrooms. Discover findings, variables, limitations, and results from the study on student performance.
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Introduction to SATECSan Antonio Technology in Education Coalition Provides resources to improve mathematical skills by use of technology in classroom instruction.
Types of Resources • Technical Support to Teachers. • Professional Development for Teachers. • Hardware and Software for the Classroom.
In the Classroom • Students use technology to help make connections between abstract mathematical concepts and concrete, real-world experiences. • We seek a seamless integration of technology into the curriculum and instructional procedures.
Qualitative FindingsHigh Fidelity Schools • Teachers tended to use the graphing calculators to work practical problems during lessons. • Teachers tended to emphasize the process and the meaning of the process, rather than product with both graphing calculators and computers.
Qualitative FindingsHigh Fidelity School • Teachers seemed enthusiastic, engaging, and to demonstrate effective teaching practices that included brief explanations of what was going to happen, a demonstration of how to work a problem, guided practice with graphing calculators or computers, checking for understanding, and closure of the lesson.
Qualitative FindingsHigh Fidelity School • Teachers seemed to point to various aspects of a problem being worked because the lessons were visually orientated on graphing calculators or computer screens. • Teachers seemed to have high expectations with the use of technology and communicated these high expectations to their students.
Qualitative FindingsHigh Fidelity School • Teachers seemed to like what they were doing--the technology seemed to add a very positive dynamic to the classroom. • The classroom environment and atmosphere were generally very positive and work oriented.
Qualitative FindingsHigh Fidelity School • The instruction in these classrooms were very labor intensive. In other words, teachers had to do quite a bit of explanation, modeling and demonstrating before, during, and after the use of technology.
Evaluation Methods • A post test, non-randomized comparison group design was used to evaluate the impact of SATEC on student performance. • Eight (8) high schools (4 SATEC and 4 non-SATEC). • SATEC Classrooms: 12 Algebra I SATEC teachers in SATEC schools.
Groups of Students • Group 1: Students in non-SATEC schools. • Group 2: Students in SATEC schools but assigned to non-SATEC classrooms. • Group 3: Students in SATEC schools and assigned to SATEC classrooms.
Study Variables • End of Course Algebra I Examination (EOCE). • Final course grade for Algebra I class. • Total days absent from school. • At-risk index for academic failure. • Student ethnicity.
Description of Sample • A total of 2,444 students (1,317 non-SATEC school students, 634 non- SATEC classroom students and 493 SATEC students. • More African Americans in SATEC group. • More Mexican Americans and Whites in non-SATEC group.
Study Limitation • No pre-intervention check on group equivalence. • Non-randomly assigned groups. • Limited implementation of SATEC use in some classrooms.
Results by Type of School/Classroom • A chi-square test showed there was a significantly higher passing rate on the EOCE for SATEC Students (41.7%) vs. non-SATEC school students (34.9%), but not the non-SATEC classroom students (40.1%).
Overall SATEC Classroom Results by Race/Ethnicity • White students = 81% pass rate on EOCE. • Mexican American students = 31% pass rate on EOCE. • African American students = 11% pass rate on EOCE. (We would like to discuss this finding during the Q&A)
Result for Course Grades • There was no significant difference between non-SATEC students and SATEC students on final course grade. • One reason may be the higher rate of absence for SATEC students.
Results for Student Absence • Students enrolled in SATEC classes actually missed more Algebra I class than their non-SATEC counterparts.
Logistic Regression • After controlling for student gender, ethnicity, English proficiency, and at-risk status, SATEC students were 1.5 times more likely to pass the EOCE than non-SATEC school students.
Adjusting for Limited Technology 1 • One school with SATEC labs did not implement the SATEC curriculum. • After this one SATEC school was excluded from analysis, SATEC students showed a higher passing rate (59%) than non-SATEC schools (39%) and non-SATEC classroom students (40.9%) on EOCE.
Adjusting for Limited Technology 2 • After this one SATEC school was excluded from analysis, SATEC students missed a similar number of days of school (5.8 days) than non-SATEC school students (6.0 days) and non-SATEC classroom students (6.8 days).
Adjusting for Limited Technology 3 • After this one SATEC school was excluded from analysis, SATEC students were 1.9 times more likely to pass the EOCE than non-SATEC classroom students with adjustment for student gender, ethnicity, English proficiency, and at-risk status.
Adjusting for Limited Technology 4 • After this one of SATEC school was excluded from analysis, SATEC students were 2.5 times more likely to pass the EOCE than non-SATEC school students with adjustment for student gender, ethnicity, English proficiency, and at-risk status.