Middle Fork Project Flow and Temperature Modeling (Status Report)

1. Middle Fork ProjectFlow and Temperature Modeling(Status Report) September 9, 2008

2. Agenda • 9:00 AM - 12:00 PM • Introductions • Status Report/Discussion of Water Temperature Modeling • Reservoir Models • Tunnel Models • River Models • Data • Schedule and Key Decisions • 12:00 PM • Adjourn

3. Principal Project Tasks • Model Implementation/Construction • Reservoirs (complete) • Rivers (in progress) • Tunnel (complete) • Model Calibration • Reservoirs • French Meadows • Hell Hole • Ralston • Rivers (pending) • Tunnel model calibration (in progress) • Other Tasks • field visits • model refinement • Technology transfer

4. Model Implementation and Construction • Reservoir model implementation (CE-QUAL-W2): previously presented • River model implementation • Geometry (complete) • Flow (daily flow complete, peaking flows in progress) • Temperature (boundary condition and calibration data largely complete) • Meteorology (complete) • Tunnel model • Field data has been collected • Calibration

5. River Models: Geometry • X-Y description (complete) • Profile (Z) description (complete) • Cross section form (in progress)

6. X-Y-Z River Representation: MF

7. X-Y-Z River Representation: Rubicon

8. Reservoir Model Calibration • Flow: explicitly defined in model, i.e., user specifies inflow and outflow • Stage: measured vs. simulated • Water Temperature: • measured vs. simulated profile • measured vs. simulated outflow temperature • French Meadows and Hell Hole – preliminary results • Ralston – in progress (pending river model results)

9. Reservoir Outflow French Meadows Hell Hole

10. Reservoir Stage French Meadows Hell Hole

11. Water Temperature • Models started under isothermal conditions in January (largely insensitive to initial temperature condition) • Vertical profiles available for summer months: 2006 and 2007 • Two locations: near dam and near tunnel intake (mid-reservoir profiles not available at all times)

12. French Meadows Reservoirat Dam(2006)

13. French Meadows Reservoirat Tunnel Intake(2006)

14. Hell Hole Reservoir at Dam(2006) No data at mid-reservoir in 2006

15. Tunnels • Tunnels in the project area - review • General Tunnel information • Tunnel Specifications • As built drawings • Field data • Tunnel Statistics • Recent Tunnel Temperature Data • Tunnel Model - Updates

16. Model Element: Tunnels

17. Tunnels • Tunnels are generally unlined and horseshoe shaped. Some sections are piped, and other sections have various shapes of concrete liners • Overbreak (e.g., excess excavation for car passes may add to tunnel volume)

19. Tunnel Statistics * Travel time at +10 % volume ** Travel time at -10% volume TBD – to be determined for Duncan Tunnel – as open channel flow

20. Tunnel Temperature Data: August 2008 French Meadows to Hell Hole Interbay to Ralston

21. Tunnel Model • Where, • Δt = time step (sec) • Ts = Outside/rock temperature (oC) • D= Diameter (m) • Cp = Specific heat of water (J kg-1 oC-1) • ρ = density of water (kg m-3) • h = Heat exchange coefficient (Wm-2 oC-1) • n = time temperature profile along the tunnel with time • a = calibration coefficient ( unitless ) • Where, • k = thermal conductivity of water (Wm-1 oC-1) • R = hydraulic radius (m) • Re = Reynolds number • Pr = Prandtl number • b = calibration coefficient (unitless)

22. Other Tasks • Field Visits • Reservoir model refinement • River model calibration • Tunnel model calibration • Technology transfer

23. Technology Transfer • CE-QUAL-W2: model introduction • Model input files • Control file • Flow input • Temperature input • Model Output files • CE-QUAL-W2 • Compaq Array Viewer • AGPM

24. Model Framework - Reservoirs • Input Control: • Model Parameters • (W2-con.npt) Reservoir Model CE-QUAL-W2 • Input Data: • Geometry • Flow • Temperature • Meteorology • Other Software: • Compaq Array Viewer • Model Output: • Flow • Temperature AGPM Post-Processing • Processes Output: • Animation • Profile • Time Series • Comparison with field data • Other

25. CE-QUAL-W2 • Public Domain • Version 3.2 • Supported by PSU and US ACOE • 2-dimensional reservoir model (vertical and longitudinal representation) • Software Requirements (Compaq)

26. CE-QUAL-W2 Input Files • Control File: logic control, model parameters, I/O control, initial conditions, etc. • Bathymetry • Flow input (reservoir inflow and reservoir outflow): Time series • Temperature of inflows: Time series

27. CE-QUAL-W2 Output Files • Warning files • Reservoir outflow • Reservoir outflow temperatures (mass balance) • Other summary files

28. CE-QUAL-W2 File Structure • Fixed format flat files • Input files must reside in same directory as executable • Output files are written to same directory • File management is important

29. AGPM • The Animation and Graphics Portfolio Manager (AGPM) • Version 3.5 for Windows XP/Me/2K/9x/NT4 (32-bit) I • Post-processing software for graphically displaying results of two-dimensional reservoir water quality models such as CE-QUAL-W2 (as well as BETTER, and WASP). • Allows the modeler build a series of plots using a Windows interface for one simulation, and then efficiently reproduce all the same plots for a subsequent simulation. • The portfolio concept dramatically reduces the time and expense of plotting multi-constituent model results and shortening calibration times

30. Profiles

31. Animation (Screen Captures)

32. Dam Release Temperatures

33. Time Depth Plots

34. Hands On Application