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Lipids

Lipids. Lipids. Includes fats, oils, and cholesterol Consists of carbon chains bonded with oxygen and hydrogen Lipids are used for cell structure or are broken down for energy. Some fats are found in animal meat, butter and poultry. There is also plant fat such as peanut oil, and olive oil. .

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Lipids

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  1. Lipids

  2. Lipids • Includes fats, oils, and cholesterol • Consists of carbon chains bonded with oxygen and hydrogen • Lipids are used for cell structure or are broken down for energy

  3. Some fats are found in animal meat, butter and poultry. • There is also plant fat such as peanut oil, and olive oil.

  4. Structure of a lipid • Majority of lipids consist of a glycerol molecule bonded to molecules called fatty acids

  5. Fatty Acids • A fatty acid is a chain of carbons with hydrogen atoms attached. • At one end of the fatty acid is an acid group (COOH) and at the other end is a methyl group (CH3)

  6. Triglycerides • Has a glycerol bonded to 3 fatty acids

  7. Saturated or Unsaturated? • Saturated Fatty Acid: a fatty acid carrying the maximum number of hydrogens • Saturated Fat: A triglyceride which has all of its fatty acids saturated

  8. Unsaturated fatty acid: • A fatty acid that lacks hydrogen atoms and has at least one double bond • Unsaturated fat: • Triglycerides in which most of the fatty acids are unsaturated

  9. Monounsaturated fatty acid: lacks 2 hydrogens and has at least 1 double bond • Polyunsaturated fatty acid: lacks four or more hydrogens and has at least 2 double bonds

  10. Phospholipids • These lipids are similar to triglycerides in that they have two fatty acids attached to a glycerol. However instead of a third fatty acid they have a phosphate group.

  11. Special Property of Phospholipids • The fatty acids make phospholipids soluble in fat, while the phosphate groups enables the phospholipids to be soluble in water

  12. Importance of Phospholipids • Helps to move fat-soluble substances (vitamins) into the cell • Phospholipids are the major constituents of the cellular membrane

  13. Sterols • Have a multi-ring structure • Most common sterol is cholesterol • Cholesterol serves as the beginning structure of vitamins, hormones, and bile acid

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