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FEDERAL CATEGORICAL PRETREATMENT STANDARDS

FEDERAL CATEGORICAL PRETREATMENT STANDARDS. Module 4 Pretreatment 101 Short Course 8/4/09 Addison, TX Allen Gilliam ADEQ State Pretreatment Coordinator gilliam@adeq.state.ar.us. Categorical Pretreatment Standards (for YOU? Just “Categorical Standards”). Technology-based

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FEDERAL CATEGORICAL PRETREATMENT STANDARDS

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  1. FEDERAL CATEGORICAL PRETREATMENT STANDARDS Module 4 Pretreatment 101 Short Course 8/4/09 Addison, TX Allen Gilliam ADEQ State Pretreatment Coordinator gilliam@adeq.state.ar.us

  2. Categorical Pretreatment Standards(for YOU? Just “Categorical Standards”) • Technology-based • CWA '307(b) and (c) • CWA '304(m) “Plan”

  3. Industry (IU) Categories Targeted • 1976 EPA/NRDC agreement • 56 categories to date • 30 have Pretreatment Standards • 40 CFR Parts 405-471 • just “google” 40 CFR 4?? to locate the category • Effluent Guidelines Plan • Effluent Guidelines Task Force

  4. From Proposal to Codification Code of Federal Regulations Proposed Regulations Proposed Development Document Promulgation of Final Regulations Final Development Document Public Comment Revisions

  5. 53 Categoricals & Possible SIC code Correlatons

  6. Categoricals & Possible SIC code Correlatons (cont.)

  7. Categoricals & Possible SIC code Correlatons (cont.)

  8. Categoricals & Possible SIC code Correlatons (cont.)

  9. Categoricals & Possible SIC code Correlatons (cont.)

  10. Categoricals & Possible SIC code Correlatons (cont.)

  11. Other Categoricals with no SIC Correlations Found Centralized Waste Treatment – CFR 437 Metal Products and Machinery – CFR 438 Concentrated Aquatic Animal Prod. – CFR 451

  12. Categorical Standards:Subparts • Manufacturing processes employed • Raw materials used • Types of items produced • Characteristics of typical wastes generated

  13. Categorical Standards:Existing vs. New Source • New source, 40 CFR 403.3(m) • Construction date • Total replacement • Substantially independent • Compliance dates • Interpretations are “all over the board…”

  14. Categorical Standards:General Provisions • Applicability • Definitions • Monitoring and reporting requirements • Compliance dates for PSES • Other

  15. Categorical Standards:Elements of a Subpart • Applicability • Specialized definitions • Effluent limitations and standards, i.e., • BPT, BAT, BCT, PSES, NSPS, and PSNS YOU only have to be concerned with PSES & PSNS

  16. Pretreatment Standards for Existing Sources and New Sources:(PSES and PSNS) • Requires EPA to determine • Pass through • Pollutant by pollutant • For removal of toxic pollutants • PSES are analogous to BAT • PSNS are analogous to NSPS

  17. Industrial Categories Without PSES or PSNS (regs are “silent”…)(11 of ‘em) • CFR 422 Phosphate Mfg • CFR 432 Meat & Poultry Products • CFR 434 Coal Mining • CFR 436 Mineral Mining & Processing • CFR 438 Metal Products & Machinery • CFR 440 Ore Mining and Dressing

  18. Industrial Categories Without PSES or PSNS (regs are “silent”…) • CFR 445 Landfills • CFR 454 Gum & Wood Chemical Mfg • CFR 457 Explosives Mfg • CFR 459 Photographic Processing • CFR 460 Hospitals

  19. Industrial Categories Without Specific PSES and/or PSNS • 11 categories too • For example: • “Any existing source subject to this subpart that introduces process wastewater pollutants in a POTW must comply with 40 CFR Part 403.”

  20. CATEGORIES THAT “MUST COMPLY WITH 40 CFR 403” • CFR 405 Dairy Products • CFR 406 Grain Mills (but, has a BOD5 / TSS formula) • CFR 407 Canned & Preserved Fruits • CFR 408 Canned & Preserved Seafood • CFR 409 Sugar Processing

  21. CATEGORIES THAT SIMPLY “MUST COMPLY WITH 40 CFR 403” • CFR 410 Textile Mills • CFR 411 Cement Mfg • CFR 424 Ferroalloy Mfg • CFR 426 Glass Mfg • CFR 427 Asbestos Mfg • CFR 463 Plastics Molding & Forming

  22. CATEGORIES WITH “NO DISCHARGE OF PROCESS WASTEWATER”(just 4 of ‘em) • CFR 435 Oil & Gas Extraction • CFR 446 Paint Formulating • CFR 447 Ink Formulating • CFR 451 Concentrated Aquatic Animal Production

  23. CATEGORIES WITH SOME SORT OF PRETREATMENT STANDARD (30 OF ‘EM) • “Standards” could be: • Concentration based (“easy” to apply) • Mass based (a little more difficult to apply but, not rocket surgery) • Production based (closer to brain science than mass based. YOU have to know A LOT MORE about this type IU’s processes including flows and production)

  24. CATEGORIES WITH PSES and/or PSNS • CFR 412 Confined Animal Feeding (regs “silent” except for duck feeding ops?) • CFR 413 Electroplating • CFR 414 Organic Chemicals, Plastics & Synthetic Fibers • CFR 415 Inorganic Chems Mfg (weird….) • CFR 417 Soap & Detergent Mfg (weird…) • CFR 418 Fertilizer Mfg (weird…) • CFR 419 Petroleum Refining

  25. CATEGORIES WITH PSES and/or PSNS • CFR 420 Iron & Steel Mfg • CFR 421 Non-Ferrous Metals Mfg • CFR 423 Steam Elect. Power Generating • CFR 425 Leather Tanning • CFR 426 Rubber Mfg • CFR 429 Timber Products Processing • CFR 430 Pulp, Paper & Paperboard • CFR 433 Metal Finishing • CFR 437 Centralized Waste Treatment

  26. CATEGORIES WITH PSES and/or PSNS • CFR 439 Pharmaceutical Mfg • CFR 442 Transportation Equipment Cleaning • CFR 443 Paving & Roofing Mtrls (Tars & Asphalt) O&G Limits only • CFR 444 Waste Combustors • CFR 455 Pesticide Chems • CFR 458 Carbon Black Mfg (O&G Limits only) • CFR 461 Battery Mfg

  27. CATEGORIES WITH PSES and/or PSNS • CFR 464 Metal Molding & Casting • CFR 465 Coil Coating • CFR 466 Porcelain Enameling • CFR 467 Aluminum Forming • CFR 468 Copper Forming • CFR 469 Electrical & Electronic Components • CFR 471 Non-Ferrous Metals Forming & Metal Powders

  28. Pretreatment Standards • Concentration-based • Direct approach • Mass based approach • Production-based • Direct approach • Imposition of equivalent limits

  29. CFR 433 Metal Finish Standards - PSES (“easy to apply”) (mg/ l) Daily Max Monthly Avg Cadmium (T)......... 0.69………………….. 0.26 Chromium (T)........ 2.77…………………. 1.71 Copper (T)............. 3.38…………………. 2.07 Lead (T)................. 0.69………………… 0.43 Nickel (T)............... 3.98………………… 2.38 Silver (T)................ 0.43………………… 0.24 Zinc (T).................. 2.61………………… 1.48 Cyanide (T)............ 1.20………………… 0.65 TTO........................ 2.13

  30. CFR 414 Organic Chems, Plastics & Synthetic Fibers – PSES (a little harder to apply) Must achieve discharges not exceeding the quantity (mass) determined by multiplying the process wastewater flow subject to this subpart times the concentration listed in the following table. (ug/l) Daily Max Monthly Avg Acenaphthene........................... 47………………………… 19 Anthracene................................ 47………………………… 19 Benzene....................................134……………….……….. 57 Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.... 258……………………….. 95 Carbon Tetrachloride.............. 380………………………. 142 Chlorobenzene........................ 380………………………..142

  31. PRODUCTION BASED INDUSTRY CALCS?(won’t even get into the Calc’s) Aluminum Forming Subpart A, Casting Cleaning Subcategory kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured Daily Max Avg Monthly Copper (T)........ 0.0771…….……… 0.0421 Lead (T)............ 0.0791……………. 0.039 Zinc (T)............. 0.114……………… 0.0431

  32. Wastestream TypesCFR 403.6(e) Regulated vs. Nonregulated - Unregulated or Dilute?

  33. THE DREADED COMBINED WASTESTREAM FORMULA (CWF)CT = alt. conc. limitCi= conc. limit for reg’d streamFi= avg flow for reg’d streamFD= avg flow for dilution streams

  34. Similar CWF for Mass based alternative

  35. Wastestream TypesCFR 403.6(e) Regulated Wastestream from an industrial process that is subject to a categorical pretreatment standard: “Contains Regulated Pollutants”

  36. Wastestream TypesCFR 403.6(e) Nonregulated - Unregulated Wastestream from an industrial process that is not subject to a categorical pretreatment standard and is not “dilute” “Contains Pollutants”

  37. Wastestream Types Nonregulated - Dilute Wastestream considered to have only compatible pollutants and/or trace levels of regulated pollutants. “Contains No (neglible) Pollutants”

  38. Types of Standards • Daily maximum • Long term averages • 4-day • 30-day • Monthly • Values with no duration

  39. Certifications, Alternative Monitoring, and Estimates • Certifications • Compounds not used/generated • Pollutants discharge in accordance to plan • Alternative monitoring • Calculated estimates

  40. Other Considerations... • Removal credits - credit for POTW’s ability to [40 CFR '403.7] remove pollutant. • Fundamentally different factors - adjust for [40 CFR '403.13] unanticipated impactsof compliance. • Net/Gross calculation - adjust for pollutants in [40 CFR '403.15] intake source.

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