Always look on the bright side Resource-based nursing diagnostics

1. Always look on the bright sideResource-based nursing diagnostics Mag. Kurt SCHALEK International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010 Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010

2. The mission of nursing  Nurses have to deal with both, health and illness! Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010 • Definition of Nursing by the International Council of Nurses (ICN): “Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles.” (http://www.icn.ch/definition.htm)

3. What is health? Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010 • Health can be defined as process of being alive (Pelikan 2009) • Ideas about „health“ • „either/or“: healthy OR sick • Single continuum: health ------x--------------- sickness • Multidimensional continuum: physical, mental, social dimension • Conclusions: • Health has different dimensions • Positive health and ill health exist simultaneously • Positive health and ill health can develop differently • Health has to be re-produced permanently (e.g. by daily nutrition, sleeping, socialising …)

4. What means health in nursing? Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010 • Nursing deals with a specific part of health • Focus on health-related ability of coping with every-day life (Bartholomeyczik 2006), e.g.: • coping with acute/chronic disease • coping with personal circumstances: e.g. old age, impairments, living conditions, social networks • Nurses have to cover physical, mental and social dimensions of health • Prerequisite for health can be called resources • Resources = abilities and possibilities for maintaining and/or developing health or coping with impairments New Nursing Classification ‘POP’ in German language is based on these assumptions

5. Resources and health e.g. walking mobility muscularity motivation environment and more … Resources can be found in all dimensions of health: physical, mental and social prerequisites Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010 Describing resources means describing aspects of health.

6. Resources „Thought Process“ Thought Process nerves being awake interest stimulus oxygen security information fluid balance mental social physical and more … Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010

7. Diagnosing deficits by resources Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010

8. Conditions of resources Resources can be in different conditions: • Intact resources – health nursing diagnoses • Health Nursing Diagnoses: developing, strengthening and maintaining positive health resources • Potentially impaired resources – risk nursing diagnoses • Risk Nursing Diagnoses: prevent intact resources from impairment • Impaired/missing resources – actual nursing diagnoses • Actual Nursing Diagnoses: recovery or stabilisation of impaired resources (Stefan/Allmer/Eberl et al. 2009) Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010

9. Diagnosing “Walking, impaired” Walking muscularity mobility motivation environment Nursing diagnosis Walking, impaired Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010

10. Conclusions Effects of a resource-oriented approach on nursing diagnoses: • Describing etiology, risk-factors and supportive resources with a high practical relevance • Simplify planning of care: ease definition of aims (desired outcomes) and interventions • Clear criteria for evaluation • Implementing a comprehensive understanding of health and of the field of nursing Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010

11. Thank you for your attention! Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010

12. Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010

13. Some arguments Mag. Kurt Schalek, 1st International Week at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, May 3rd – 7th 2010 • Why should health professionals deal with health? • Focus on deficits/diseases/impairments is a very narrow approach • Positive potentials are relevant for health interventions (e.g. coping/adherence, rehabilitation) • Increasing number of people with chronic diseases who need to implement and re-organise their daily lives • Perspectives of prevention and health promotion • Starting interventions before problems become evident • Implement interventions that focuses on healthy resources of patients/clients