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Conjoined Twins

Conjoined Twins. Anna Froemming Maren Finsand Jena Ellingson. What is a conjoined twin?. Conjoined twins are two babies that are born physically connected to each other Chest Bellybutton Base of Spine Pelvis Head Face. History. First reported set was in England 1100 A.D.

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Conjoined Twins

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  1. Conjoined Twins Anna Froemming MarenFinsand Jena Ellingson

  2. What is a conjoined twin? • Conjoined twins are two babies that are born physically connected to each other • Chest • Bellybutton • Base of Spine • Pelvis • Head • Face

  3. History • First reported set was in England 1100 A.D. • Joined at the hip • Lived until age 34 • 1680 A.D • Joined at the spine • Abducted for shows, died in 1683 • Siam twins • Joined at abdomen • Fathered 21 children

  4. Causes • When a fertilized eggs splits between 13 and 14 days after conception — separation stops before the process is complete, and the resulting twins are conjoined. • Collision of two embryonic discs • Use of antiepileptic medications • Oral contraceptives

  5. Risk Factors • Extremely rare phenomena (1 out of 250,000) • Occurs more in African and India countries • Increased in black population • 3x more common in females

  6. Complications • 40% of conjoined twins are stillborn • Less than half of those born alive actually make it to an age where they could be separated.

  7. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ITapW5W5b5w

  8. Social and Moral Issues • Autonomy • To separate or not? • One person or two? • Mortality risks

  9. Types of Separation • Emergent—performed when one dies, or life-threatening condition exists in one twin effect other • Elective—Allows for stabilization first, at 2 to 4 months

  10. Parental Consent • Doctrine of Double Effect • At risk of the other twin • Expenses

  11. Questions to ponder… • If you had children who were conjoined in an inoperable place, if one of them was going to die, what would you do? • What if one of them wanted to go on a date? • Who drives?

  12. Works Cited • "Conjoined Twins." University of Maryland Medical Center. University of Maryland Medical System, 2012. Web. 25 Mar. 2012. <http://www.umm.edu/ conjoined_twins/facts.htm>. • Kokcu, Arif, et al. "Conjoined Twins: Historical Perspective and Report of a Case." Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 20.4 (2007): 349-356. EBSCO. Web. 5 Apr. 2012. <http://web.ebscohost.com.wsuproxy.mnpals.net/ehost/pdfviewer/ pdfviewer?vid=7&hid=125&sid=b0672c53-e793-4994-99d3-2e3f3baa6449%40sessionmgr114>. • Mainous, Rosalie O. "Conjoined Twins: Whose Best Interest Should Prevail? An Argument for Sepaaration." Pediatric Nursing 28.5 (2002): 525-29. ScienceDirect. Web. 28 Mar. 2012. <http://web.ebscohost.com.wsuproxy.mnpals.net/ehost/ detail?sid=b8353268-fb1f-4e02-9f7a-dcdcf40eef86%40sessionmgr14&vid=1&hid=17&bdata =JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=rzh&AN=2003046154>.

  13. Works Cited • Mayo Clinic Staff. "Conjoined Twins." Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2012. Web. 20 Mar. 2012. <http://www.umm.edu/ conjoined_twins/facts.htm >. • Pearn, John. "Bioethical issues in caring for conjoined twins and their parents." The Lancet 357 (June 2001): 1968-1971. ScienceDirect. Web. 4 Mar. 2012. <http://web.ebscohost.com.wsuproxy.mnpals.net/ehost/pdfviewer/ pdfviewer?vid=7&hid=18&sid=362d90f4-3878-4ff6-a775-bb28764652ad%40sessionmgr4>.

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