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Good use in conjunction with flow chart

Good use in conjunction with flow chart. Matter. describing matter. Matter. matter: anything that has mass and takes up space. Properties of Matter. property: characteristic Types of Properties 1. physical properties 2. chemical properties

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Good use in conjunction with flow chart

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  1. Good use in conjunction with flow chart

  2. Matter describing matter

  3. Matter • matter: anything that has mass and takes up space

  4. Properties of Matter • property: characteristic • Types of Properties 1. physical properties 2. chemical properties physical and chemical properties are used to identify, describe, and classify matter

  5. Physical Properties • Observed without changing the substance into something else • Examples • Color • Density • Shape • Boiling Point • Odor • Solubility • Hardness • Malleability • Ductility

  6. Chemical Properties • Observed only when substance is changed and interacts with another substance • Examples • flammability: able to burn • rusting: combining with oxygen to form rust

  7. Physical and Chemical Properties • What is an example of a physical property of a candle? • What is an example of a chemical property of a candle?

  8. 3 States of Matter

  9. States of Matter SOLID Has definite shape and volume. Particles vibrate. Particles are close together LIQUID Take shape of container; volume confined to container. Particles move more freely. Greater space between particles GAS No shape and volume. Particles move most freely. Greatest space between particles

  10. Kinds of Matter • Fundamental kinds of matter interact to form everything around us • Elements • Compounds • Mixtures

  11. Pure Substance • A substance made up of only 1 particle throughout • Pure substances can be elements, compounds, molecules, atoms

  12. Elements • A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances chemically or physically • Made up of only 1 type of atom • examples • sodium • oxygen • carbon • aluminum • sulfur

  13. Compounds • A pure substance made of two or more elements combined chemically compounds have properties different from those of the original elements Examples: • Water • Carbon dioxide • Ammonia • Methane

  14. Molecule • A pure substance chemically combined with a covalent (molecular) bond • Ex. CO2 • Ex. H2O • Ex. Cl2

  15. Atom • The smallest building block of matter

  16. Mixtures • combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined • examples • salad • frosted cake • kool-aid

  17. Types of Mixtures • Homogeneous Mixture • Has constant composition • Is uniform throughout • Ex. Coloured Water • Heterogeneous Mixture • Mixtures which do not have constant composition • Not uniform throughout • Ex. Trail mix

  18. Changes in matter • two kinds • physical changes • chemical changes energy is used anytime a change in matter occurs

  19. physical change • Alters form or appearance of material, but does not change material into brand new substance • examples • chopping wood • bending wire • molding clay • phase changes

  20. chemical change • produces new substances • examples • wood burning • sour milk

  21. Chemical Change • the substance is altered chemically and displays different physical and chemical properties after the change. • new substance(s) are formed through reorganization of atoms. • A chemical change is irreversible • Ex. Magnesium wire burns producing white ash of MgO • Ex. Zinc is combined with Hydrochloric Acid • Ex. Food metabolizes in the body

  22. Changes of State are Physical Changes

  23. Crystallization/Deposition: the change in state from a gas to solid • Sublimation: the change in state from solid to gas • Condensing: the change in state from gas to liquid • Vaporization: the change in state from liquid to gas • Melting: the change in state from solid to liquid • Freezing: the change in state from liquid to solid

  24. Heating Curve for Water • A pure substance has a very distinctive graph • There are 2 plateaus on the graph when the substance goes through its phase changes • melting (solid to liquid at 0 C) and boiling(liquid to gas (100 C)

  25. Other heating curves • What is the melting point and boiling point for each substance?

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