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Carbon Dioxide Emission Reducing Technology

Carbon Dioxide Emission Reducing Technology. Melissa Miller Department of Chemical Engineering University of Texas at Austin. Carbon Dioxide, the Culprit. Impacts of Carbon Dioxide Technology Direct Condensation Absorption Membrane Case Study

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Carbon Dioxide Emission Reducing Technology

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  1. Carbon Dioxide Emission Reducing Technology Melissa Miller Department of Chemical Engineering University of Texas at Austin

  2. Carbon Dioxide, the Culprit • Impacts of Carbon Dioxide • Technology • Direct Condensation • Absorption • Membrane • Case Study • Chevron Phillips Polyethylene Unit • Policy • Kyoto Protocol • Emission Caps/Credits

  3. Where’s it From? • US largest producer in the World • Vehicles • 1 gal gasoline = 5 lb carbon • 1 yr driving = 1 ton carbon/person • Power Production • Responsible for 80% CO2 emissions • Coal produces 82% CO2 emissions • Chemical/Refinery Facilities

  4. What’s the Impact? • “Greenhouse Effect” • One-Way Mirror • Increase of 3 degrees Fahrenheit • 15% Shrinking of Polar Ice Caps • Glaciers • Drought • Rise in Malaria

  5. Direct Condensation • How it works • Heat Exchanger Basis • Versatile System • Benefits • To meet the environmental emissions regulations • To recover valuable product • To reduce high operating costs of alternate treatment systems • To provide an environmentally safe operating system

  6. Absorption • Oldest of CO2 removal processes • Catalytic Reaction • MEA • CO2 Absorbed at high pressure • Desorbed at low pressure • Batch Process • Need several beds • Inconsistent Flow

  7. Membrane • Newest Technology • 10 years • Still in Research Stage, Field Tests • Polymer Membrane • Removes volatile organic compounds from plant’s recycle gas streams • Substantial Pressure Loss 4:1 • Recovered products offsets cost of technology

  8. Case Study: Chevron Phillips • Combined System • Partial Condensation • Pressure Swing Absorption • 100% Removal • Pure Nitrogen • Separation of Light and Heavy Hydrocarbons • Cost Efficient • 90% Cheaper than Flaring • 82% Cheaper than Partial Recovery

  9. Policy • Kyoto Protocol • Instigated during Clinton administration • US pledges 7% decrease in emissions • Emission Caps • Caps placed on Sulfur for Power Plants • Soon on CO2 • Emission Credits • World wide system based on Population, Economic Growth, and Past Emissions • Offsets can be bartered within countries and eventually internationally

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