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THE PLANTATIONS. Planning the Ulster Plantation. PLANNING THE PLANTATION.
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THE PLANTATIONS Planning the Ulster Plantation.
PLANNING THE PLANTATION • King J____ included six counties in the Ulster plantation. They were A_____, C____, D____, D______, F________ and T_____. Because the English knew very little about the land, they sent s________ to measure land and make m___. There was _______ acres of land in the six counties. King J____ wanted to introduce English and Scottish planter who would be E______ speaking and P_________. He hope they would influence the Irish and make them more o_______.
QUESTIONS: • Identify the three different groups who would receive land in the plantation. • Look at the map of the plantation on p.77. Explain why the different groups were separated. • Why do you think the ‘Trusted Irish’ were given their name?
REVIEW OF PREVIOUS LESSON • List the six counties that King James took in the plantation. • Armagh, Cavan, Derry, Donegal, Fermanagh and Tyrone. • How many acres of land was taken? • 4,000,000 • What was an undertaker? • English of Scottish men who could afford to bring people to Ireland. • What was a servitor? • English soldiers who had served the king in Ireland. • What were the ‘Trusted Irish’? • The Irish that would be loyal to their lord and king.
THE PLANTATIONS Planning the Ulster Plantation.
UNDERTAKERS • The Undertakers were considered the most important planters. The King made careful plans about them in the Ulster Plantation. Before receiving land, an Undertaker had to make certain promises to the king. Within three years he was to: • 'Build a stronghold'. • 'Build a village beside each stronghold'. The purpose of the strongholds was to protect the planters from the Irish. There were three kinds of strongholds:
UNDERTAKERS 1. An undertaker who got 1000 acres promised to build a stone courtyard called a bawn. It looked like this. 3. An undertaker who got 2000 acres promised to build abawn and castle. It looked like this. 2. An undertaker who got 1500 acres promised to build a large stone house in the bawn. It looked like this.
PRIMARY SOURCES: • Examine the picture and answer the questions: • What are the security features of the stronghold? • Why was it necessary for the undertakers to be security conscious?
UNDERTAKERS Other Promises1. The most important promise was to bring in at least 10 families of planters from England and Scotland. 2. He had to keep a stock of arms in his house. • 3. An Undertaker had to make two other promises: • He must not allow any Irish farmers settle on his land. • He must pay £5.33 for every 1,000 acres he got.
SERVITOR & TRUSTED IRISH • The Servitor's Promises1. Similar to the Undertakers, but 2. They were allowed to take Irish tenants. IF SO 3. They had to pay rent of £8 per 1000 acres. • The 'Trusted Irish'1. They were allowed to take Irish tenants. 2. They had to pay £10 per 1000 acres.
THE PLANTATIONS Getting the planters. HOMEWORK: Complete Person in History worksheet. DUE: Friday 20th January
Art thou rich...? Hurry and you...shall do God and your Prince excellent service Art thou a tradesman, a Smith a Weaver, a Mason, or a Carpenter?... You will be in demand and get rich quickly. Art thou a gentleman that likes to hunt? There are plenty of foxes, wolves and stags and lots of open space. There will be plenty of feasting. Art thou a minister of God’s word?... Hurry, hurry, there are thousands of untaught ignorant people waiting for you. You will be made an Archangel in the next world. Do you think this sort of advertisement would bring people to Ulster? List the kinds of people the king wanted to go to Ireland. Do you think any of them would have been tempted to by this advertisement? Would you have been tempted by this advertisement?
A REPORT ON DERRY • Sir T_____ P_______ described D____ as ‘a fruitful country’. Read his description on page 80 and make a list of things he found, using the following headings. • This report appealed to rich businessmen in L_____ who thought that they could make money as U__________. Twelve g_____ formed the I____ S______. They called their county L__________. They divided the land in a l______.
THE VINTNERS’ LAND • The Vintners were one of the twelve guilds who were given 3,000 acres of land. They had one of the best areas in the centre of Glenconkeyn woods. • They built a village at Bellaghy. They had many planters in the village but may have let some Irish stay.
THE VINTNERS’ LAND • Examine the drawing of Bellaghy Village on page 82&83 and answer the following questions: • Who lived in the two houses in the bawn? • What security features did the church have? • What were the differences between the English and Irish style houses? • Why do you think the market cross and the stocks were located in the middle of the village?
TOWNS & CITIES • Towns were important in the Ulster plantation. They were places where: • planters could buy and sell goods. • planters could go if the Irish attacked them. • courts could try people who broke the king's law. • The following people lived there: • M_____ and c_________ who built houses for the planters. • S_____ who made tools. • C_______ who made shoes. • W______ who made cloth. • T______ who made clothes.
TOWNS & CITIES • Many of the towns had the same layout, which was centred around the square or the Diamond. • The most important buildings were on the square
REVIEW OF PREVIOUS LESSON HOMEWORK DUE THURSDAY 26TH JANUARY EXERCISE 18 – B & C • Why were towns important? • Planters could buy and sell goods, planters could go if the Irish attacked them, courts could try people who broke the king's law. • List some of the trades in towns. • Masons, carpenters, smiths, cobblers, weavers and tailors. • What was the centre of the town called? • Square or diamond. • What buildings were found around the square or diamond? • Town hall, courthouse and jail.
THE PLANTATIONS TOWNS AND VILLAGES
THE TOWN OF COLERAINE • The Abbey of Coleraine was developed into a town. A report in 1618 showed that this was unsuccessful. • In what ways was this unsuccessful?
PLANTATION VILLAGES • Villages were a very important part of the p_________. They grew up around a c_____ and b___ of an U_________. The local c____ was held there. If someone was found guilty of a small crime, they would be put in the s_____. The m___ was a very important building in the village. It was used for g_______ c____. The market c____ was the sign that the village had permission to hold f____ and m______. The m___ house where b___ was made, make money for the U_________.
PLANTATION VILLAGES • SOURCE WORK: • Complete exercises 20 & 21 on page 98.
THE IRISH IN ULSTER • About 10% of Irish chiefs were allowed to keep their land. They were known as the ‘Trusted Irish’ because of their loyalty to the king. They had to follow English law and customs. • Undertakers kept on many Irish tenants during the plantation of Ulster because they needed a workforce. They were given the worst land and had the highest rent. • The kernes (soldiers) who fought for the Irish chiefs who fled in the Flight of the Earls had no work. They resented the settlers and attacked their land and animals.
RESULTS OF THE PLANTATIONS • POLITICAL – Conflict arose between Catholics and Protestants over land and religion. Protestants controlled most of the power through the penal laws, which forbade Catholics from owning land. This contributed to the Troubles in Northern Ireland at the end of the 20th century. • RELIGIOUS – The planters were Protestants, but they were in a minority in Ireland. The majority of Protestants were in Northern Ireland, especially Antrim, Down and north Armagh. The plantations failed to crush the Catholic religion. • CULTURAL – The Culture and language of Gaelic Ireland declined with English language, law and culture becoming more widespread. New farming methods and towns were introduced.
TASK • Write about the life of one of the kerne after the plantation has taken place. Consider the following: • What were the kerne’s duties before the plantation? • What did the plantation do to him? • How does he feel when he sees the planters building their villages and towns? • What does he do to get revenge on the planters? • Who does he hope will return to help him? FINISH FOR HOMEWORK DUE MONDAY
