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Understanding Solutions: The Dissolving Process Explained

Learn about solutions, solutes, solvents, and the process of solvation in this educational chapter. Discover the concept of miscibility, "like dissolves like," and common solute-solvent combinations. Explore the role of water as a universal solvent and how it interacts with different substances. This resource covers practical examples and distinguishes between polar and nonpolar solvents. Enhance your knowledge and grasp the principles of chemistry with this comprehensive guide.

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Understanding Solutions: The Dissolving Process Explained

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  1. Chapter 20 The Dissolving Process Part 1

  2. Solutions • Solutions are homogeneous mixtures.

  3. Solutes and Solvents • “solute” is what is being dissolved. • “solvent” is what it is dissolved in. • If we make tea and mix sugar into it. The sugar and tea are the solutes. Water is the solvent. The sweet tea is the solution.

  4. Solvation • Solvation is the process of solvent particles attaching with particles of a solute. As solute dissolves in a solvent the solute particles spread out and become surrounded by solvent particles. • If water is the solvent we call this process hydration.

  5. Water • The universal solvent.

  6. Air • Air is a homogeneous mixture of gases. • Air is a solution of gases.

  7. What is the solvent in air? • The solvent is the major component in a solution. • All lesser components are solutes.

  8. Dissociation is a process in which ionic compounds separate or split into ions.

  9. Miscibility • Liquids that are soluble in each other in all proportions are miscible. • Liquids can also be partially miscible or immiscible.

  10. Like Dissolves Like • like dissolves like" is an expression used by chemists to remember how some solvents work. • It refers to "polar" and "nonpolar" solvents and solutes.

  11. Water – CookingOil – Food Coloring. • Water is Polar. • What are the polarities of cooking oil and food coloring? CookingOil is nonpolar. Food Coloringis polar.

  12. Red Blood Cells

  13. Crescent or sickle-shaped red blood cells (RBCs) are present with Sickle cell anemia, and stand out clearly against the normal round RBCs.

  14. Some solute-solvent combinations are: example (solute state-solvent state) • oxygen in nitrogen (gas-gas) = air • carbon dioxide in water (gas-liquid) = soda pop • water vapor in air (liquid-gas) = humidity • alcohol in water (liquid-liquid) = liquor • mercury in silver (liquid-solid) = dental amalgam • sugar in water (solid-liquid) = kool-aid • tin in copper (solid-solid) = bronze alloy • How many other combinations are possible?

  15. Homework • Worksheet: The Dissolving Process

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