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Oil Effects Texas, the U.S., and the World

Oil Effects Texas, the U.S., and the World. 1901 – 1930’s. After Spindletop…. The gusher at Spindletop inspired the Texas oil boom, forever changing the future of our state.

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Oil Effects Texas, the U.S., and the World

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  1. Oil Effects Texas, the U.S., and the World 1901 – 1930’s

  2. After Spindletop… • The gusher at Spindletop inspired the Texas oil boom, forever changing the future of our state. • Spindletop inspired further oil exploration by geologists and wildcatters into east Texas and west Texas. Soon, Texas was the world’s number one oil producer. • Besides changing the Texas economy, oil has had far reaching effects on industry, technology, culture, and education.

  3. Terms • Refinery- A plant where raw petroleum is purified and is made into other products, such as gasoline and kerosene • Wildcatter- Person who drills wells hoping to find oil in areas not known to have oil. • Petrochemical – a chemical made from petroleum (oil) or natural gas

  4. Modern day refinery in Houston, TX

  5. Columbus “Dad” Joiner • Struck oil in Rusk County (East TX) in 1930 and opened the largest oil field in the world at that time, spanning more than 40 miles. • Received his nickname “dad” because he is considered to be the father of the East TX oil field. • Sold out to H.L. Hunt and later died penniless…

  6. Columbus “Dad” Joiner Why was “Dad” Joiner’s oil strike so important to Texas, and the rest of the world?

  7. East Texas Oil Wells • Within the first year, 1,200 oil fields pumped out 900,000 barrels of oil per day. • The East Texas oil fields stretched 40 miles, covered five counties, and contained about 1/3 of the nation’s oil reserve. • Oil companies began drilling everywhere they could in East Texas, even in people’s yards.

  8. Texas Oil Affects the World • So much oil was pumped in Texas that it “flooded” the market. → Texas and the U.S. fell into the Great Depression - a time of low economic activity and high unemployment (1930’s to 1940’s) • Because Texas was the world leader in oil production, and any slight change in production was felt worldwide… • Texas produced more oil/petroleum than Nazi Germany and Japan combined during WWII, which in turn helped win the war. > +

  9. Petrochemical Industry • In the 1920’s chemists found ways to remove chemicals from petroleum to make everyday household items. See list…(this is the Petrochemical chart) • Chemicals were used during WWII to create explosives and synthetic rubber for tires rather than making rubber from plants. The demand for petrochemical products from the war led to further growth and development of the industry. • The processes used to separate chemicals from oil created toxic waste, which is a poisonous by-product from chemical production. • http://www.afpm.org/brand_video/ - petrochemical industry clip

  10. Oil’s Local Influence - Amon G. Carter • Oil executive and owner of the Fort Worth Star Telegram newspaper who helped make Fort Worth an aviation hub. • He established the Amon G. Carter Foundation for cultural and educational purposes. • TCU football stadium is named after him • In his will, he provided for the building of the Amon Carter Museum in Fort Worth. He specified that the museum would be free and open to all.

  11. Amon G. Carter (born in Wise County)

  12. Economic Impacts of the Oil Industry • Created jobs at refineries • Brought oil research and development • Oil drilling throughout the state → created boomtowns and wealth → created domestic jobs • Over-drilling of oil “flooded” the market and caused the price of oil to plummet.

  13. Critical Thinking… Question: Why has the discovery of oil in Texas led to interdependence of Texas communities and the rest of the world today?

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