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Greek Sculpture

Greek Sculpture. Claire Wu, Denise, Hughes. Greek Sculpture. The Archaic Period ----Claire&Denise The Classical Period --------Hughes Parthenon&Sculptures -----Claire The Hellenistic Period ------Denise. Similarity& Influence. Greek Proportion Harmony,Perfection

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Greek Sculpture

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  1. Greek Sculpture Claire Wu, Denise, Hughes

  2. Greek Sculpture The Archaic Period----Claire&Denise The Classical Period--------Hughes Parthenon&Sculptures-----Claire The Hellenistic Period------Denise

  3. Similarity& Influence • Greek Proportion • Harmony,Perfection Peak:High Classical Style (ca.480-400 B.C.E.) • A standard of beauty and excellence • Influential to Western cultural expression

  4. The Archaic Periodca.700-480 BCE 1.Influence:Egypt 2.Function: Memorial,Cult statues, and Funeral monument 3.Features: a. Male Nude b.Archaic smile c. freestanding d.left foot striding out e. life size or larger

  5. When can I dress up? Kouros(Male youth ) (Early Archaic) • P.112 Figure 5.6 • Freestanding • Unclothed young man • Frontal pose • Rigid and vertical pose Arms closed to his sides • Left foot striding forward • body weight shared equally on both feet

  6. Similar: proportion and technique Different: 1.Greek:nude Egypt: kilt skirt 2.Greek:freestanding Egypt: with the slab of stone to support 3.Weight distribution Greek: even Egypt:uneven 4.Greek: more realistic Don’t wanna walk like Egyptian You! CopyCat! Greek v.s. Egypt

  7. Calf-Bearer: • (ca. 575-550 B.C.E) • More realistic: • abdominal muscles, • sensitive bull, • semi-precious stone (pearls…etc) • More gentle →smile • (figure 5.7, p112)

  8. Kroisos (Late Archaic) • (figure 5.8, p113) • The warrior • Attention to knee and calf muscles • Harmony: stands aggressively • forward, but forearms in ward • Energy • Blissful smile (more) • Reflect optimism in early Greeks

  9. The Classical Period (480-323 B.C.E)

  10. Time line • The Early classical period: 480~450 B.C • The High Classical age: 450~400 B.C • The Late classical period: 400~323 B.C

  11. The classical style • Feature • The meaning of classical • The ideal proportion style • Solemn and contemplative • Influence: • Standard of beauty

  12. The early classical period • Compare and contrast between Koisos and Kritos Boy • compare and contrast two different cannon

  13. Kritios • Figure 5.9 • The classical period • Sensuous • Weight on his left leg • Contrapposto • (weight shift) • Protrude at juncture • No smile • Severe Style Kroisos Figure 5.8 • The Archaic period • Robust • Forearm turn in toward his body • Blissful smile

  14. Differences between two cannon • The human proportion Figure 5.2 • Calculated • Flexible • Symmetry • Correspond to human body • The Egyptian Cannon • Fixed proportion • Not calculated

  15. The High Classical age • Doryphorus (Spear-Bearer) • The Discobolus (Discus-thrower) • Zeus

  16. Doryphorus • (Spear-Bearer ) • Figure 5.1 • The embodiment of proportion • Ideal warrior athlete • Energy • Poised • Grace

  17. The Discobolus • By Mylon • The captured movement • Ideal proportion

  18. Zeus • Figure 5.10 • Vigorous action • Tense body • The length of arms and legs • Geometric muscles • Symmetrical trapezoids • Wavy line

  19. The late classical period • Application:Weight Sift and Curve! • Compare and contrast between Kore and Aphrodite of Knido

  20. Kore • Figure 5.11 • Archaic • Ornamental • Smiling • With clothed • Aphrodite of knidos • Figure 5.12 • Late Classical • Ideal female style • curved • Naked • Weight Shift

  21. The Parthenon (p.116 Figure5.13)

  22. Greek Architecture:The Parthenon • 448-432 BCE • Two architects: Ictinus and Kallicrates • Sculptor: Phidas • Dedication: Athena • Religious &Secular Purpose: to serve the living, not the dead (Egypt) • Human proportion(Golden Ratio), symmetry

  23. The Greek order (p.117. F.5.16) • 1.Doric 2.Ionic 3.Corinthian • Simple&SevereDelicate----- the most ornate • &Ornamental

  24. The Sculpture of the Parthenon (p.119. F.5.18) • Location 1.pediment 2.metopes 3.frieze (outer wall of cella) • Subject: about Athena • Feature: High Relief

  25. East pediment of the Parthenon (p.119.f.5.19)

  26. Three Goddesses (p.119.F.5.20)

  27. West pediment of the Parthenon

  28. "Lapith and Centaur" Metopep.120 Figure5.21

  29. “A Group of Young Horsemen”(p.120.F.5.22)from the north frieze

  30. “water bearer, musician, and votaries” from east frieze (p.121.f.5.23)

  31. Hellenistic Age 320-30 B.C.E

  32. The Diffusion of the Classical Style The Hellenistic Age (“Greek-like”) • Alexander the Great (356-323 BCE) • Son of Philip of Macedonia, Student of Aristotle • An empire: from Greece and Egypt to India • After his death, • The empire split into three sections: • Egypt, Persia, and Macedonia-Greece • →starts the Hellenistic Age (300 years)

  33. The Hellenistic World (Map 5.1) P 126, figure 5.27 (P 126, figure 5.1)

  34. From Hellenic to Hellenistic )希臘語言和文化的 • Spread of Hellenic希臘人的culture throughout the civilized world • →“cosmopolitanism, urbanism, and the blending of Greek, African, and Asian cultures” • → “Personal needs & individual emotion • over and above the good of community”

  35. Features of Architecture • From city to empire • →large, monumental • Utilitarian Structure: Lighthouse, theaters, libraries • Corinthian & Ionic colonnade

  36. The Great Library: Temple of Muses “Think Tank” At Alexandria

  37. The Lighthouse

  38. The Theater

  39. the Alter of Zeus (Figure 5.28, p127) • At Pergamon (180 B.C.E) • To celebrate the victory of minor kingdom of Pergamon over Gauls • 20-foot high, 300-foot based platform

  40. Massive Ionic Colonnade • Mythological battle • (Olympic gods vs. giants • Symbolize the Victory of Intellect • Over Barbarians • More theatrical in style • 誇張的

  41. Athena Battling with Acyoneus • Strong light and dark contrast • Classical restraint → violent passion (Figure 5.29, p128)

  42. Hellenistic Sculpture’ Features • Private / individual emotion • More lifelike & less idealized • Fleeting mood & momentary expression • Broad the range of subjects: • young children to old, even deformed people

  43. Spear-Bearer V.S. Apollo Belvedere

  44. Spear-Bearer V.S. Apollo Belvedere • High classical • Hellenistic • Sensuous nude statue • More animated, • Feminized, • Self-conscious style

  45. Nike of Samothrace • Greek goddess • Victory • Discovered in 1863, now • is in the Louvre Museum, Paris • Head & arms are missing (figure 5.31,p129)

  46. Carving techniques: • dynamic contrasts of light and dark • semi-transparent robes • Deeply cut drapery • Bold display of Vigorous movement

  47. Sensuous body as the winged figure strides into the wind • Flying & just landed lightly

  48. The Nike of Samothrace in Las Vegas Caesar Palace

  49. "When we go to battle and win, we say it is NIKE.“ -Greek

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