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SOUTH AFRICA UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE - QWAQWA CAMPUS. READING DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS FOR FIRST YEAR STUDENTS AT A RURAL CAMPUS: WHERE TO START?. LEA KOENIG 2/26/2013. Why can’t we start where we always started?. The STUDENT POPULATION. Definition: Academic Literacy.
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SOUTH AFRICAUNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE - QWAQWA CAMPUS koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
READING DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS FOR FIRST YEAR STUDENTS AT A RURAL CAMPUS: WHERE TO START? LEA KOENIG 2/26/2013
The STUDENT POPULATION koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Definition: Academic Literacy Historically – RRR • read • “riting” • “rithmatic” koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Losing it? Of all living creatures, man is the only one with an inborn ability to read. Through every developmental stage of human history man progressed in all the various skills of language. Recently, however, the alarm was sounded that the new generation of learners are losing their grip on a basic skill like reading. koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Literature • Leading educational deficiency • Backlog in reading competence • Reading skills • Global problem koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
2 FACTORS TO CONSIDER • Academic literacy, specifically reading skills and comprehension are key factors predicting academic success. Jansen (2011:1), Lombard (2010:2), Nel, Dreyer and Klopper (2004:95) and Simmons(2011) • The schooling system – the matric results are frowned upon
We need relentless revision of development programmes at universities koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
WHAT ELSE? • NBT 2011 and 2012 reports: • 0.9% AL proficient • 0.2% QL proficient • 0% MTH proficient • Continuous support • Not only in 1st year koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
What is my concern? • even after 3-4 years in preparation programmes - 81% do not graduate koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
ACADEMIC CHALLENGES • LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION • Not so much the written language • Spoken language • Different accents • Isizulu vs. Sesotho • Sesotho in lectures koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Let’s be fair – Level 13 koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
PROBLEM • A L1 reading program on the QQ campus for L2/L3 students. • Everybody started at level 13 • Only 40% referred to reading • 60% FAILED their RDP • Discontinued in 2011
The questions • Entry level • Fixed • Individually evaluated • What will intervention • Impact on student achievement • How can we address it koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY • NOT - research the efficiency of a L1 program for L2 students • NOT - determine the validity of entry level 13 • Determine the actual reading speed • Effectiveness if started at an appropriate level koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
A pilot study www koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Survey: Students • Good reading skills are crucial • They think they are good • Want it beyond 1st year • 100 % senior students are interested in a follow-up koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Survey: Lecturers • Students can’t read • Not encouraged to do extra reading and research • Students see study guides as enough • Students don’t prepare for lectures • Prefer short questions • Students don’t need high literacy skills to answer MCQ koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
METHOD • All B.Sc. UPP and Extended degree students • Individual baseline assessment • LectorSA reading development program • All started on grade 7 reading texts. • WHY? koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
WORDS PER MINUTE • Placement evaluation: 129 • After 8 sessions: 210 • 81 wpm increase • 38.6% increase koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
COMPREHENTION • Placement evaluation: 72 % • After 8 sessions: 58 % • 14% decrease koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
INDEX • Placement evaluation: 90 • After 8 sessions: 147 • 57 index point increase • 38% increase koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
GRADELEVEL • Placement evaluation: 2.6 • After 8 sessions: 7.6 • 5 grade levels • 65.8%increase koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Comparing first year reading levels University of Pretoria: Jnr Tukkies programme University of the Free State: Science Access 0.0% achieved the norm Grade Level 2.6 8 sessions intervention Grade Level 7.6 • 0.034% achieved the norm • Grade Level 3 • 8 sessions intervention • Grade Level 11 koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Why a relevant RDP? • 99% of our students study in a second OR third language • Individual evaluations determine levels of competency • Start at the level they are capable to handle (7) • Students continue until they reach the expected level with good comprehension koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
WHAT DOES READING HAVE TO DO WITH “MODERN”ACADEMIC LITERACY? koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
New academic literacy? koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
You still have to READ your smart device. (Or at least my notes to start with)
SO WHAT DID WE LEARN? • All students lack proper reading skills • Need individual levels of intervention • All students improved (0 to 2) • 8 sessions already made a difference • 20 sessions will be amazing koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Back to concerns • No reading programme • Critically low reading levels • Poor reading skills koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Where do we start? koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Suggestions – short term • Compulsory for 1st year • Open to all students • Start on individual level • 250-280 exemption. koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Suggestions – long term • Sustainable reading program • Develop scientific language • Module specific reading material • Construct a new framework for L2 koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
We need to start … koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za 2/26/2013
Thank you Lea Koenig koenigl@qwa.ufs.ac.za
Burrel, K.I. 1997. How Do We Know What We Are Preparing Our Students For? A Reality Check of One University's Academic Literacy Demands? Research and Teaching in Developmental Education, v13 n2 p55-70 Spring 1997. • Du Toit, C. and Bouwer, C. 2009. Transitional influences on early adolescents’ reading development. Perspectives in Education, Volume 27(1), March 2009 91 • International NLP personal coaching. 2010. Weblog, accessed 7 March 2011. • Why Many University Students Hate Lecture Notes. Posted on14 July 2010. • http://www.leadingedgeoflife.com/2010/07/14/reading-comprehension-higher-education/ • Irvin, J.L., Douglas, D.R. and Klemp, R.M. 2003. Reading and the high school student. Strategies to enhance Literacy. Pearson Education Incorporated. • Jansen, J. 2012. Employers dismayed by graduates' lack of basic skills. Education News. http://mg.co.za/article/2012-01-19-graduates-lack-of-skills-affect-workplace-says-jansen Retrieved on 26 April 2012. • Lombard, P. 2010. LectorSA reading Solutions. RE: Project for improving reading skills of Junior Tukkie students. http://web.up.ac.za/default.asp?ipkCategoryID=13309&articleID=4430 • Retrieved: 2011-09-14 • Marlow,E. 1991. Reading on Higher Education Level. Journal of Reading. • ED 336 725 CS010706. http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED336725.pdf • Retreived: 19 January 2011 • Marshall, M. 2011. Visual Skills Development and reading improvement through Lector Solutions Module. Newsletter 2011/05/04. info@lectorsa.com • National Benchmark Tests. 2011. UFS 2011 First year students’ National Benchmark Tests at a glance.