Agricultural Science & Technology

1. Agricultural Science & Technology Mr. Matt Jackson

2. Introduction to Ag Science • Explain importance of agriculture in meeting human needs • Farming, Construction, Mechanics • Plants & Animals

3. Major Areas of Ag Industry • Supplies & Service • Production Agriculture • Marketing & Processing • List Local Ag businesses in Pope County

4. Technology and Agri • Changes that have come about in Ag b/c of Technology • Farming vs. 100 years ago • Advances in Mechanical devices, irrigation, pest & weed science

5. Impact of farming on U.S. economy • Major Ag products in the U.S. & Arkansas • Identify major Ag products in the U.S. • What types of Ag products to we import? • Arkansas • Chickens, rice, corn etc.. • Impact of Corn on Ethanol gas, • What does that mean to our corn supply?

6. FFA • FFA timeline • FFA & Agri education • Identify the meaning of the official FFA emblem & colors • FFA dress & use of jacket www.ffa.org

7. FFA Career Development events • Members can participate at State & National Level

8. FFA Creed I believe in the future of agriculture, with a faith born not of words but of deeds - achievements won by the present and past generations of agriculturists; in the promise of better days through better ways, even as the better things we now enjoy have come to us from the struggles of former years. I believe that to live and work on a good farm, or to be engaged in other agricultural pursuits, is pleasant as well as challenging; for I know the joys and discomforts of agricultural life and hold an inborn fondness for those associations which, even in hours of discouragement, I cannot deny. I believe in leadership from ourselves and respect from others. I believe in my own ability to work efficiently and think clearly, with such knowledge and skill as I can secure, and in the ability of progressive agriculturists to serve our own and the public interest in producing and marketing the product of our toil. I believe in less dependence on begging and more power in bargaining; in the life abundant and enough honest wealth to help make it so--for others as well as myself; in less need for charity and more of it when needed; in being happy myself and playing square with those whose happiness depends upon me. I believe that American agriculture can and will hold true to the best traditions of our national life and that I can exert an influence in my home and community which will stand solid for my part in that inspiring task.

9. FFA cont’d • FFA careers • Employer expectations • Past & present Agri issues

10. Agricultural Leadership • Importance of leadership & attributes of leaders • School administrators • Ag leaders in Pottsville • What do these people have in common? • Three major parts of a speech • Introduction, Body of Speech, Conclusion • Purpose of Parliamentary Procedure, • Conduct meetings effectively and efficiently by using a set of rules for all those attending the meeting. • Purpose of opening/closing ceremony

11. Supervised Experience • (Supervised Agricultural Experience) • Types of SAE’s • Exploratory • Entrepreneurship • Research/Experimentation • Placement • Benefits & Importance to FFA

12. Safety • OSHA, Occupational Safety & Health Administration • Safe working environment for workers • Identify mechanical, chemical, and other hazards in Ag. • Personal Safety • Proper use of PPE • Cost of PPE for an individual So you don’t need the use the eye flush! I wear protective goggles

13. SAFETY INFORMATION Wear approved eye protection. Industrial-quality eye protection should be worn at all times. Safety glasses should have the Z87.1 logo on them to assure they are industrial quality. Wear proper clothing. This varies depending on the type of hand tool you are working with. Work clothing should not be loose, baggy, or highly flammable. To protect against burns, wear clothing such as coveralls, high-top shoes, leather aprons and leather gloves. Remove all paper from pockets and wear cuffless pants. When working with heavy metals wear hard-toed shoes with non-skid soles. Avoid wearing synthetic clothing because it has a low flashpoints which can result in severe burns. Do not wear jewelry. It can get caught in moving parts. Protect your hair, scalp, and head. Pull back long hair in a band or a cap to keep it from getting caught in tools. Be extremely careful with long hair when using a drill or drill press. When handling carpentry materials wear a hard hat or bump cap to protect your head. Watch your fingers. Take special care when hammering so that you strike the object, not your fingers. Keep your mind on your work. Avoid horseplay and loud talk. Loud talking as well as pushing, running, and scuffling while working with hand tools can cause serious accidents. Be alert and work defensively. Keep work area and tools clean. Dirty, greasy, and oily tools and floors can cause accidents. Clean and put away all unneeded tools and materials. Clean up spills and scraps from the floor and equipment. Keep paths to exits clear. If conditions are dusty, use a respirator. Use tools properly. Always use proper-sized tools and equipment for the job. Use each tool only for the job for which it was intended. Forcing a small tool to do the job of a large one may result in injury or tool damage. Never use a screw driver to see if electrical circuits are hot. Never use a machinist's hammer in place of a carpenter's hammer. Do not strike a hardened steel surface, such as an anvil, with a steel hammer because a small piece of steel may break off and injure someone. Be sure wrenches fit properly. Never use pliers in place of a wrench. Never strike wrenches with hammers. Pull on wrenches, do not push. When sawing secure the material in the saw vise. Keep cutting-edge tools sharp. Dull cutting-edge tools are dangerous as they require excessive pressure and hammering to make them cut. When cutting always cut away from the body. Before using any cutting tool, remove nails or other objects that might destroy the tool's cutting edge. Carry and store tools properly. All sharp-edge tools and chisels should be carried with the cutting edge down. Never carry sharp tools in a pocket. Store all sharp-edge cutting tools with the sharp edges down. Inspect tools before using. Avoid using damaged tools. Tools that appear to be damaged or have broken handles should be marked unsafe. Do not use them until they have been repaired. Grip tools firmly. Hold hand tools securely so that they do not slip and hit someone. Do not wear gloves--they are bulky and make gripping tools difficult.

14. Forestry and Natural Resources • List Natural Resources • Mining such as oil, gas, coal, • Wildlife: fishing, hunting, forestry • Water & Land

15. Natural Resources • Soil & Water conservation • Conservation laws • Agencies that regulate Erosion • Actions that can be taken to reduce soil loss • Forestry

16. Wildlife in Arkansas • Bear • Deer • Elk • Armadillo • Beaver • Bobcat • Coyote • Fox • Mountain Lion • Opossum • Rabbit • Ivory-billed Woodpecker • Ivory-billed Rediscovery Information • Birds of Arkansas • Birds of Arkansas is a site that provides basic information, photos, and songs for 100 common Arkansas bird species. • Bluejay • Turkey • Barn Owl • Red-Shouldered Hawk • Mockingbird • Goldfinch

17. Recreational uses of Natural Resources

18. Plant Science • Products obtained from plants and name the species that produce them • Vegetables • Grains • Oxygen • Herbs & spices

19. 4 major parts of a plant Flower Leaf Stem Root

20. Photosynthesis & Respiration • What is Photosynthesis? process by which plants, some bacteria, and some protistans use the energy from sunlight to produce sugar, which cellular respiration converts into ATP, the "fuel" used by all living things.

21. Monocot & Dicot plant

22. carbon (C) nitrogen (N) calcium (Ca) boron (B) hydrogen (H) phosphorus magnesium chlorine oxygen (O) potassium (K) sulfur (S) copper (Cu) iron (Fe) manganese (Mn) molybdenum (Mo) zinc (Zn) Requirements for Plant growth

23. Properties of Soil • Color • Texture • Structure • Drainage • Depth • Surface Features • Arkansas, stuttgart soil • Fertilizers

24. Agricultural Power and Mechanics • Agri Power & Mechanical devices • Farms • Businesses • Advantages of simple and advanced machines • Areas of Agri Mechanics

25. Animal Science • Products obtained from animals • Cow—Beef & milk & cheese • Pig—Pork • Poultry—Turkey, Chicken & eggs • Digestive Systems • Ruminants, non-ruminants, and poultry • Kinds of feed consumed by animals because of their digestive system

26. Major classes of Nutrients • Role of nutrients in livestock health • Problems that occur when an animal does not receive adequate nutrition • Identify feedstuffs that are good for animals

27. Gender & Sexual classification of Animals • Classification of animals

28. Retail cuts of Beef

29. Retail Cuts of Pork

30. Retail Cuts of Poultry

31. Gestation Characteristics • Cows have the same gestation period (pregnancy time) as humans: 9 months. • http://www.parmalat.com.au/information/information.cfm?/section/3/subsection/27/ • Hogs have a short gestation period of about 114 days • www.worldalmanacforkids.com/explore/animals/hog.html • Sheep gestation usually runs from 145 to 153 days. • www.ifi-us.com/SheepGestation.html • A horse's gestation period (is about 11 months, but can be anywhere from 10-12 months. • www.ultimatehorsesite.com/info/facts.html • Goat Gestation period: 112 - 115 days • www.utmem.edu/compmed/Pigs.html

32. Common breeds • Cattle-Holstein-Friesian, Ayrshire, Brown Swiss, Guernsey, and the Jersey. • Swine • Sheep • Goats • Horses-The American Quarter Horse, The American Paint Horse, The Arabian Horse, The Thoroughbred Horse, The Appaloosa Horse • Poultry –There are so many, my mind is hurting!!

33. Power in Ag Industry • Kinds of engines used in ag industry • Hydraulics & pneumatics

34. Protection and storage of ag power & equipment • Storing equipment off season • Storage facilities for various ag equipment • Properly dispose of wastes

35. Hand Tools • Common hand tools: Tin snips, hatchets, screw drivers, hammers, pliers, anvils, wrenches, files, rasps, saws, punches, chisels, planes, hand-held boring tools, pop rivet guns. • Safety equipment: Safety glasses, safety shields, respirators, safety-toed shoes, high-top shoes, hard hats, bump caps, leather gloves, leather aprons, coveralls

36. Power Tools • Grinder, drill press, band saw, jig saw, circular saw, belt sander, electric drill, table saw, radial arm saw, jointer, and paint spray gun.

37. Hand tools for Woodworking Tye square Hammer Hand Saw Axe Nails

38. Common measuring devices • Tape measure, ruler, laser-level, protractor, rolo-tapes, gps,

39. Electricity • Basic electrical symbols • Click this link to see a table • Wire Colors

40. Basic electrical tools • Tools Needed - Wire cutters, strippers, stapler, and screwdrivers • Cable - Purchase enough cable to reach your circuit and allow at the least 10% extra to accommodate any bends. Also, check to see if the cable will be able to handle the amperage that you will be using it for. Although low resistance wire is more costly, it will save money in the long run by reducing power loss or blown fuses and will increase safety. • Boxes - Remember that you will need a box for every break in the cable, which includes outlets, fixtures and splices. • Wire Connectors - Purchase at least two wire connectors for every cable slice that you plan to make. Most light fixtures come pre-wired and will have to be sliced on the circuit cable. However, sockets and switches do not require connectors because they can be mounted directly on the cable. • Insulated Staples - Use these staples to mount the cable to the studs. Make sure that you have the right size for the cable you are using. • Insulated Tape - Necessary for wrapping splices or taping any electrical wires. • Wall Plates - Make sure that you have the right number and configuration to match the fixtures installed.

41. Tools • Identify parts of a portable circular saw • Identify parts of a sabre saw • Identify parts of a hand drill

42. Metals Fabrication • Metal working hand tools Metalworking Hammer Bolt Cutters Pliers Heavy-duty Hacksaw Hand-riveter

43. Welding • Know parts of the oxyacetylene torch outfit • Fasteners: solder, rivets, bolts, screws • Arc welding: know how • Fusion welds • Welding tools and equipment • Procedure to run a bead • Gas welding

44. Ag graphics • Names and functions of drawing equipment • Drawing symbols • Interpret drawings • Describe the making of an orthographic drawing

45. Plumbing • Basic plumbing tools • Pipe wrench, tape measure, level, hacksaw, pvc glue, tamper, copper cutters, sand cloth • Kinds of pipes and fixtures • Pvc pipe, valves, copper pipes,

46. Concrete & Masonry • Materials for Concrete • Calculate concrete needed for a job

47. Small Engines • Tools working with small engines • Describe strokes and functions of small gas engines • Major parts of internal combustion engines

48. Surveying • Safety practices associated with surveying • Surveying equipment • Process of pacing • Proper procedure for making horizontal measurements • Set up a level and take a reading