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St. John’s, Oak Creek, Bible Class

St. John’s, Oak Creek, Bible Class. Martin Luther - God’s Reformation Servant “His Home and Schooling”. Luther’s World. Roman Catholic Church Dominant church in the West Orthodox church in the East Hussites, Waldensians, etc. persecuted. The Holy Roman Empire

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St. John’s, Oak Creek, Bible Class

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  1. St. John’s, Oak Creek, Bible Class Martin Luther - God’s Reformation Servant “His Home and Schooling”

  2. Luther’s World • Roman Catholic Church • Dominant church in the West • Orthodox church in the East • Hussites, Waldensians, etc. persecuted

  3. The Holy Roman Empire • a collection of more than 300 independent principalities and cities • “ruled” by an elected emperor

  4. Revolution in Technology • The “new” technology • Chinese “rag” paper • Johannes Gutenberg (1394/99 - ca. 1468) • metallic movable type • ink • press • 1450s

  5. By the end of the 15th century 5% of Germany’s population could read; only a fraction could handle Latin

  6. Martin Luther’s Parents Members of the Upper Level of Peasantry -- Luder, Ludder, Lutter, Ludher • “rechte Bauern” • “Erbzinsleute” • Luther’s grandfather: Heine Luder (died before 1510) • married Margarethe (died 1521) • four sons: Gross-Hans, Klein-Hans, Veit and Heinz

  7. Father - Hans, b. 1459. From Moehra, Thuringia • Möhra - about 8 miles from Eisenach • Agriculture and copper mining

  8. (Gross) - Hans • Eldest son • “ultimogeniture” • Married Margarethe • Career in mining • move to Eisleben • 1484 moved to Mansfeld Born: 1459 Died: 1530

  9. Mother - Margarete • “Hanna” • Lindemanns -- family of means from Eisenach • Zieglers -- farm family from Möhra • religious, virtuous, talented Died: 1531

  10. Martin’s Birth - November 10, 1483, Eisleben • Question concerning legitimacy • Question concerning family move to Mansfeld

  11. Luther’s Childhood Religion in home - Baptized November 11, 1483 • 60% infant mortality rate • Feast of St. Martin of Tours • Lower Room of St. Peter’s Church • Pastor Bartholemaeus Rennebecher • Parents - typical Roman Catholics of the day

  12. Family fortunes -- Mansfeld • After move to Mansfeld (1484) family began to prosper • Hans started as miner; leased mineshafts and smelter • By 1501 Hans owned 6 mines and 2 smelters • “burgher” • 1501 Erfurt University classified Luther as “in habendo” • Mansfeld - not overly critical of Catholic church

  13. First schooling - “My father meant it heartily by me.” • Latin school in Mansfeld for 8 years • “All good academic disciplines are found in the Latin language. Without good Latin, one is a barbarian.” (Mutianus Rufus) • “Nothing less should be learned from the Latin language than wisdom, righteousness, religion, prudence, good government and good morals.” (Jakob Wimpfeling) • “Trivialschule”

  14. Magdeburg, 1497 -- Brethren of the Common Life • Left for Magdeburg, Easter 1497 • City of about 12,000 • “Domschule” -- run by “Nullbrüder” • devotional literature and vernacular translations of the Bible • conscientious worship • “Panem propter Deum”

  15. Eisenach: 1498 1. The town • Father’s home area • Connection with mother’s family (?) • Nearly 10% were clergy 2. St. George parish school

  16. Erfurt

  17. 3. Cotta - Schalbe household • Lived at home of Kuntz and Ursula Cotta • Tutored Heinrich Schalbe for meals • Johannes Braun, vicar of St. Mary’s • Preparations for the university 4. John Trebonius and Wiegand Gueldennoepf. Classics. Aesop.

  18. Martinus Ludher de (ex ?) Mansfeld, 17 May 1501. Bursa of St. George • University of Erfurt founded 1392 • After 1460 losing leading position among German universities • Still noted for liberal arts and law • “Via moderna” (William of Ockham) versus “Via antiqua” (Thomas Aquinas)

  19. Joined “bursa” • “deposition” • Schedule • Wake up -- 4:00 a.m. • Classes began 6:00 a.m. • Early meal -- 10:00 a.m. • More classes until 5:00 p.m., then dinner • Bedtime -- 8:00 p.m.

  20. Sizable town -- ca. 20,000 • “Little Rome” • 4 endowed churches, 21 parish churches, 11 monastery churches • more than 800 clergy • most monastic groups represented

  21. Studies -- Trivium, quadrivium, dialectics, Aristotle. First contact with the Bible • Liberal Arts • Trivium: grammar and syntax, rhetoric, logic • Quadrivium: music, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy • After liberal arts -- theology, law, medicine • Dialectics • Initial contact with a bible

  22. Degrees -- BA 1502, MA 1505, on to law studies. Corpus iuris civilis. • September 1502 Luther took exams for BA (30/57) • January 1505 took exams for MA (2/17) • assisted in teaching grammar and logic • Entitled/obligated to teach in philosophy faculty for 2 years • could continue studies while teaching • enrolled in law program

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