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CHAPTER 21 SUMMARY

CHAPTER 21 SUMMARY. SOUTHERN AFRICA. SOUTH AFRICA. Very rich in mineral resources. DIAMONDS, chromium, platinum, coal, gold, uranium. Most industrialized nation in Africa. Modern Technological Agriculture. Corn, wheat, fruits, cotton, sugarcane, sheep, cattle , dairy. APARTHEID .

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CHAPTER 21 SUMMARY

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  1. CHAPTER 21 SUMMARY SOUTHERN AFRICA

  2. SOUTH AFRICA • Very rich in mineral resources. • DIAMONDS, chromium, platinum, coal, gold, uranium. • Most industrialized nation in Africa. • Modern Technological Agriculture. • Corn, wheat, fruits, cotton, sugarcane, sheep, cattle , dairy.

  3. APARTHEID APARTHEID = APARTNESS • National policy of segregation started in 1948. • Many protested the lack of civil rights for non-whites. • 1991 Apartheid ended. • 1994 Nelson Mandela (The first Black President of S. Africa was elected.)

  4. TODAY IN SOUTH AFRICA • 2/3 Christian • 11 languages • Most industrialized nation in Southern Africa • Government trying to improve standard of living of poorer South Africans. • MAJOR AIDS EPIDEMIC.

  5. Lesotho and Swaziland • Tiny enclaves inside of South Africa. • Lesotho only has water as a resource. They sell it. • Most practice subsistence farming. • Many work in South Africa part of the year.

  6. Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, and Botswana Share similar characteristics. • Landlocked on a High Plateau = Mild Climate. • 70% of population practice subsistence farming. • Many people now moving to cities.

  7. ZAMBIA • Zambezi river. • Victoria Falls • Hydroelectric power = Kariba Dam. • Copper mines 80% of income. • Imports 70% of food.

  8. MALAWI • Great Rift Valley • Lake Malawi: 500 species of fish. • 400 species of Orchids. • Reliant on Agriculture • Export tobacco, tea, sugar, sorghum for molasses. • Most are Christian due to Missionary David Livingstone in mid-1800s. • One of the Highest population densities of Africa.

  9. ZIMBABWE • Mining • Gold, copper, iron ore, and asbestos. • Plantations • Coffee, Cotton, and Tobacco. Today • 34% of Adults have AIDS. • ¼ Christian, ¾ Traditional Religions. • Famous for sculpted stone and wood. • Famous for Drums.

  10. BOTSWANA • Covered by the Kalahari Desert. • National symbol Pula = Rain • Never enough • Vast Diamond Resources. • Home to large game reserves = Tourism. • Imports 50% of food. • Most speak English and Setswana. • Before 1966 was a British Colony.

  11. ANGOLA • Hilly grasslands = Agriculture • 85 % Subsistence Agriculture. • Coffee and Cotton exported. • Oil = 90% of export earnings. • Bantu descendants. • 50% Catholic • VERYPOOR NATION due in part to civil war that broke out among different ethnic and political groups and have lasted for more than 25 years.

  12. NAMIBIA • One of Africa’s newest nations. • Independence from South Africa in 1990. • Tourists come to Sand Board. • Diamonds, Copper, gold, Zinc, silver and uranium. • Very Poor Nation.

  13. MOZAMBIQUE • Sand dunes, swamps, harbors. • Victims of Cyclones. • Practice Slash and Burn agriculture. • Flooding in rainy season. • Drought otherwise. • Metal production, oil/gas fishing. • Former Portuguese Colony. • 1/2 Traditional Religions • ½ Christian/Muslim • Very Poor Nation.

  14. MADAGASCAR • Broke away from Africa 160 million years ago. • Slash and Burn Plantations: • VANILLA, Coffee, rice. • 80% of Madagascar has been slashed and burned • Very unique plant and wildlife! Several species are only found here. • 22 % of people live in “Tana”. • Dance is very popular.

  15. SMALL ISLAND COUNTRIES OF AFRICA • COMOROS • Mix of Arabs, Africans, and Madagascar people. • Agriculture 90% of economy. • Rice, Vanilla, Cloves, Cinnamon. • SEYCHELLES • 86 islands • 100,000 people • Agriculture: Coconuts and Cinnamon • MAURITUS • SUGAR, textiles, and clothing. • Tourism. • 70% Indian population. • GREAT FOOD! • Indian Curry, Chinese Pork, African Roast Beef, French style veggies.

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