Lab Safety Global Hazard System University of Colorado Colorado Springs

1. UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO COLORADO SPRINGS Lab SafetyGlobal Hazard SystemUniversity of ColoradoColorado Springs Division of Environmental Health and Safety

2. Overview This training consists of four modules: Module 1: Background and Overview Module 2: Chemical Safety Module 3: Waste Management Module 4: Other Laboratory Hazards

3. Background Module 1: Background and Overview There are four primary regulations which govern how UCCS manages hazardous materials on campus. • OSHA Hazard Communication (Right-to-know) – passed in 1983 significantly updated 2012 • OSHA Laboratory Standard – passed in 1990 • Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) – originally passed in 1976 • Colorado Springs Fire Department

4. UCCS’s Compliance Method UCCS has adopted a comprehensive approach to meeting these requirements. The elements incorporated in the comprehensive approach are: • Campus-wide Laboratory Safety Manual • Maintained by EHS – available online • Laboratory Registration • Updated annually by PI’s, lab managers • Laboratory Chemical Inventories • Updated annually by PI’s, lab managers • Laboratory Specific Safety Plans • Prepared by PI’s, lab managers – reviewed at least annually or whenever processes change • Comprehensive Training Programs • Provided annually and on-line Live Green

5. UCCS’s Compliance Method WHY USE A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH? • Consistent message across the campus in our approach to environmental, health and safety • Allows UCCS to incorporate the requirements of several regulations into one document instead of multiple documents – reduces confusion as to which one applies in “this situation” • Focuses on the specific hazards associated with any individual lab • Allows us to incorporate not only chemical but also physical hazards into the same plan • Reduces the number of different trainings that individuals have to participate in Live Green

6. Training A COMMON ELEMENT Live Green Depending on the nature of the work or research you conduct, you may need to take one or more of the courses listed on the following page. Please note that completing this lab safety course does not satisfy any other requirements. Your supervisor should inform you of which courses you need to take.

7. Training Live Green On-the-Job Training: You supervisor is required to lead you through individualized training for the conditions specific to your lab. Must be completed within 6 months of hire. Blood Borne Pathogens Training for Research: Required annually for all individuals who work with human blood, bodily fluids, tissues, organs, and/or cell cultures (including human cancer cell lines) or related materials. Biosafety Training: The purpose of this training module is to familiarize the Principal Investigator and lab personnel with good microbiological practices which include recognizing risk groups for biological materials, appropriate containment levels and personal protective clothing and equipment. Additional training in rDNA, shipping of biological materials, and/or animal safety may also be required. Radiation Safety Training: Required annually for all who work with radioactive materials. Respirator Training: An EHS risk assessment will determine if you need a respirator, and if so, the appropriate respirator training course will be assigned. Contact EHS for a risk assessment. You may also contact Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) with any questions you have regarding your training requirements. Contact information for EHS is available at the end of this course.

8. Training Live Green For all staff, faculty, instructors, student employees who work or teach in a lab / anyone who will handle hazardous chemicals or hazardous waste Complete your initial chemical safety and hazardous waste management training within 30 days of hire by taking the web-based Safety in the Laboratory course Complete an on-the-job training (OJT) form within 6 months of hire. You and your supervisor must work together to complete this training. Refresh your skills annually by taking the annual classroom course or the web-based course. http://www.uccs.edu/pusafety/environmental.html

9. Training Live Green If you supervise anyone who handles hazardous chemicals, you are responsible for conducting the OJT for your employees within six months of their hire, to address the specific safety requirements of their work activities and applicable safety precautions. See details of Supervisor/Principal Investigator responsibilities. Until they complete all their training requirements, new employees who handle chemicals must be directly supervised by trained employees who have current hazardous chemical management training.

10. Sources of Chemical Information UCCS Laboratory Safety Manual Provides hazard and hazard control information for classes of chemicals and types of physical hazards SOP for handling chemicals safely SOP for addressing physical hazards Reviews engineering controls and PPE Addresses waste stream management Copy of LSM on the EHS website

11. Sources of Chemical Information Laboratory Specific Safety Plan Provides hazard and hazard control information for specific chemicals and physical hazards found in YOUR lab SOP for procedures unique to your lab Copy of LSSP should be in your individual labs and available to anyone who works in YOUR lab

12. Objectives Module 2: Chemical Safety • Understand the updated Hazard Communication Standard • Understand the Safety Data Sheet • Understand Labels • Pictograms • Signal Words • Hazard Statements • Precautionary Statements • Understand the relationship of SDS and label • Understand storage requirements • Understand emergency response for chemicals

13. Sources of Chemical Information • Laboratory Safety Manual • Laboratory Specific Safety Plans • SDS • NFPA Hazard Label • Container Label

14. Understanding the GHS Labels

15. Understanding the GHS Labels Product identifiers: Names or numbers used on a hazardous product label or in a safety data sheet. They provide a unique means by which the product user can identify the chemical substance or mixture. • Signal word: One word used to indicate the relative severity of hazard and alert the reader to a potential hazard on the label and safety data sheet. The GHS includes two signal words: • “Warning” for less severe hazard categories and; • “Danger” for more severe hazard categories. • Hazard statement(s): Phrase assigned to each hazard category that describes the nature of the hazard. Examples of hazard statements are: “Harmful if swallowed,” “Highly flammable liquid and vapor” and “Harmful to aquatic life.”

16. Understanding the GHS Labels • Other core information to be provided: • Pictogram(s): A symbol inside a diamond with a red border, denoting a particular hazard class (e.g., acute toxicity/lethality, skin irritation/corrosion, etc.). • Precautionary statement(s): Phrases that describe recommended measures that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous product, or improper storage or handling of a hazardous product. These phrases cover prevention, response, storage, and disposal of products . • Supplier identification:Under the GHS supplier identification would include the name, address and telephone number of the manufacturer or supplier of the substance.

17. Understanding the GHS Labels GHS Hazard Classification • Defined criteria are used to assign a hazard classification • Physical Hazards 16 categories • Health Hazards 10 categories • Environmental Hazards2 categories

18. Understanding the GHS Labels GHS Hazard Communication • Labels • Symbols (hazard pictograms) with red border • Examples:

19. Understanding the GHS Labels • These are the pictograms used in the GHS, with the hazard classes they are applied to. • The first two rows were taken from the international transport system.

20. Understanding the GHS Labels • As a comparison, these are the transport pictograms. • They have different colors and backgrounds that are used to convey other aspects of the hazard. • They do not include words on labels or markings, so hazard is conveyed solely through the pictogram. • The symbols appear in the upper portion of the frame.

21. Understanding the GHS Labels Hazard statements • Describe the hazards covered by the GHS • Indicate the degree of severity of the hazard • Text of the statements has been harmonized • Harmonized statements are assigned to each hazard class and category, and have been codified (a numbering system has been applied to them for ease of reference) • Physical Hazards – H2XX • Health Hazards – H3XX • Environmental Hazards – H4XX • Example: H318 Causes serious eye damage.

22. Understanding the GHS Labels Other required information • Precautionary statements are required. The GHS includes possible statements, but they have not yet been harmonized • There are 5 types of statements: • General – P1XX • Prevention – P2XX • Response – P3XX • Storage – P4XX • Disposal – P5XX • These have been assigned to hazard classes and categories, and codified (numbered). • Example: P280 Wear eye protection/face protection.

23. Understanding the GHS Labels Precautionary pictograms • Some systems may choose to illustrate precautionary information using pictograms. These are not harmonized in the GHS.

24. Understanding the GHS Labels Product and supplier identification • Chemical identity required for substances • For mixtures either: • All the ingredients contributing to the hazard of the mixture/alloy, or • All the ingredients contributing to any health hazards presented by the product other than irritation and aspiration • Supplier identification required on all labels, including name, address, and phone number

25. Understanding the GHS Labels This illustrates the elements of a GHS label.The GHS does not specify a format for the label, but does specify that the harmonized label elements, also referred to as the core information, needs to be located together on the label.

26. Understanding the GHS Labels

27. Secondary Containers Labs often pour chemicals into smaller containers for daily use – these are referred to as secondary containers

28. GHS vs NFPA Warning Labels We will still be utilizing the NFPA labels across campus. There are however some conflicts between the GHS and NFPA labeling systems. Namely the hazard ratings are in reverse order. GHS hazard ratings; however, will only appear on the SDS and not on the label.

29. NFPA Warning Labels The NFPA label is divided into four quadrants. Each quadrant describes a specific hazard: Blue = health Red = flammability Yellow = reactivity White = special hazards Live Green

30. NFPA Warning Labels Numbers in the three colored quadrants indicate the degree of hazard, from 0-4: 0=Minimal Hazard 1=Slight Hazard 2=Moderate Hazard 3=Serious Hazard 4=Severe Hazard Live Green

31. NFPA Warning Labels The specific hazard in the white is abbreviated. Some of the common abbreviations are: A. OXY=Oxidizer B. ACID=Acid C. ALK=Alkali D. COR=Corrosive E. W=use no water F. The radiation symbol G. Biohazard Live Green

32. Safety Data Sheets GHS calls for a reworking of the Material Safety Data Sheets (now just Safety Data Sheets) • 16 sections specified in a given order of information • Information in the beginning sections have a broad audience • More detailed, technical information included in following sections

33. Safety Data Sheets

34. Safety Data Sheets • Comprehensive sources of information about substances and mixtures • Provides information about the hazards, but also information to establish risk management programs • Audiences for the 16 sections vary, but include workers, safety engineers, physicians, and other professionals providing protection to exposed people

35. Safety Data Sheets • These 2 sections together contain all of the same information that you will find on the label including: • Product Identification • Signal Word • Pictograms of hazards • Hazard statements • Precautionary statements • Supplier Information

36. Safety Data Sheets This lists the constituents that make-up the product.

37. Safety Data Sheets • If someone breathes in a chemical: • Remove the person to fresh air • Stay with them until you are sure they are ok • If symptoms persist, call 911 or campus police • Report the incident to your supervisor • If someone gets a chemical on their skin/eyes: • Immediately flush for 15 minutes with cold water at an eye wash station or shower as appropriate • Always remove contacts immediately after contamination • Seek medical attention if symptoms develop (rash or hives are typical symptoms) • Call 911 or campus police • Seek medical treatment • Report the incident to your supervisor • If someone ingests a chemical: • Remove the person from the area • Call 911 or campus police • Have someone locate the SDS for instructions • Report the incident to your supervisor

38. Safety Data Sheets lists suitable extinguishing techniques, equipment; chemical hazards from fire In the event of a fire • Be sure fire alarm has been activated • Turn off utilities • Exit by published evacuation route • Use fire extinguisher if fire is small This section will also list decomposition products.

39. Accidental Release Measures Determine if the spill is Incidental Spill or Emergency Response Spill

40. Accidental Release Measures Incidental SpillA spill you can handle on your own (or with the help of a coworker)

41. Accidental Release Measures Incidental Spill How do you know if you can handle the spill? Ask yourself if you: • Have the right kind of spill cleanup materials. • Have the proper gloves, goggles and other protective equipment (i.e.: apron, face shield). • Have no exposure risk because it is a low toxicity chemical. • Have no one with a chemical exposure or injury. • Have experience or training in cleaning up this type of spill. • Have a spill that will not go down the drain. • Have spilled less than a gallon, minimizing the fire and exposure risks.

42. Accidental Release Measures Incidental Spill Cleanup Warn Wear Wipe Wrap How do you clean up an Incidental Spill? Follow the 4W Procedure:

43. Accidental Release Measures An Incidental spill becomes an Emergency Response spill if you: Do not have the proper spill cleanup materials. Do not know how to safely clean it up. Do not have your PPE (gloves, goggles, lab coat) to clean it up. Have to clean up more than a gallon of a toxic or volatile liquid. If any of these factors come into play and you cannot safely clean up your spill, and you should implement the Emergency Response spill procedure, described on the next page.

44. Accidental Release Measures Emergency Spill Response If you have a chemical spill that is too large to handle on your own, or one in which you do not have the proper cleanup equipment or PPE, it is an Emergency Response spill and you should follow these 4 steps: • Warn others and evacuate the area. If there is a fire, pull the fire alarm. • Secure the area: close the door, use caution tape, a sign, or post an employee (at a safe distance) to warn others not to enter.* • Report the spill from a safe location. (Call the UCCS Police at 911 or x3111. Give your name, call back phone number, building name, location of release, and the name and quantity of the chemical released. • Wait for the emergency responders from Environmental Health and Safety to provide them spill details. *Important If there is a fire or large-scale release of toxic or flammable gases, pull the fire alarm and evacuate all building occupants. Give verbal instructions to those in the immediate area to ensure they do not evacuate through the affected area of the chemical release.

45. Emergency Preparedness Types of Emergencies • General accidents/near misses • Accident Report Form in labs • To be filled out by instructor • Even minor accidents need form

46. Safety Data Sheets 7. Storage and Handling lists precautions for safe handling and storage, including incompatibilities When different types of materials mix, anything can happen! Here are some important segregation rules:

47. Safety Data Sheets • Hand Protection – gloves – pick the right one for the job and the chemicals or hazards in question • Eye Protection – goggles – glasses – face shield – use the right one for the job • Hearing Protection – ear plugs – muffs • Foot Protection – closed toe, closed heel, non-skid • Body Protection – pants, shirts, leggings, etc.

48. Chemical Handling • Hand Protection – gloves – pick the right one for the job and the chemicals in questions Latex (natural rubber) PVC Plastic Film Neoprene Cryogenic Nitrile PVA Insulated Butyl Viton Laboratory Safety Manual Appendix H – Glove Selection

49. Chemical Handling • Goggles • Glasses • Face Shield use the right one for the job

50. Safety Data Sheets lists the chemical’s characteristics. lists chemical stability and possibility of hazardous reactions. includes routes of exposure; related symptoms, acute and chronic effects; numerical measures of toxicity. • The pathway of a hazardous substance into the body is known as its exposure route. Exposure routes include: • inhalation, • absorption (contact with skin or eyes), • injection (needle or sharps punctures), • ingestion Exposure can cause Acute (immediate) or chronic (long-term) effects to one or more body systems