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Punnett Squares

Punnett Squares. The Father of Genetics. Gregor Mendel performed the first major experiments investigating heredity. Austrian Monk Was college trained in Science and Math Experimented between 1856-1863 Investigated heredity in pea plants at his monastery. Mendel’s Experiments.

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Punnett Squares

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  1. Punnett Squares

  2. The Father of Genetics • Gregor Mendel performed the first major experiments investigating heredity. • Austrian Monk • Was college trained in Science and Math • Experimented between 1856-1863 • Investigated heredity in pea plants at his monastery.

  3. Mendel’s Experiments • Observed seven traits of pea plants: Plant height Pod Shape Flower Color Flower and Pod Position Seed Color Pod Color Seed Shape

  4. Crossing two plant traits • Using one trait at a time, Mendel crossed two plants who were true breeding for opposite forms of the same trait. Ex: Trait: Plant height Tall x Dwarf

  5. Punnett Square • A diagram that predicts the expected outcome of a genetic cross.

  6. Set up the Punnett Square • Write the genotypes of each parent. Put each allele (gene) in it’s own column. Then cross the alleles to determine the possible genotypes of the offspring Parent #1 Y Y y y Yy Yy Parent #2 Yy Yy

  7. Questions • How many of their offspring will be yellow? Hint: Each box is 25% 4 out of 4 – 100% (the dominant trait is stronger than the recessive trait) • How many of their offspring will be green? 0 • Are the offspring homozygous or heterozygous? heterozygous

  8. Example #2: Two plants that are heterozygous for seed color are crossed, what would their offspring look like? Yy Yy X Parent #1 Parent #2 Y y Y y YY Yy yy Yy

  9. Questions • What percent of the offspring are homozygous dominant? 1 out of 4 – 25% • What percent of the offspring are heterozygous? 2 out of 4 – 50% • What percentage of the offspring are homozygous recessive? 1 out of 4 – 25% • How many of offspring will be yellow? 75% • How many of the offspring will be green? 25%

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