Changing life for the German people, 1933-1939

1. Changing life for the German people, 1933-1939 Economic Reduce Unemployment / Ban Trade Unions / German Labour Front / Strength Through Joy How did Nazi economic & social policy affect life in Germany? Social KKK – Kinder, Kirche, Kuche / Nazi Education / Nazi Teachers League / Hitler Youth Political SS & Gestapo / Nazify the Law / Nazi Judges / Nazify Local Government / Nazis in charge How did Nazi political policy affect life in Germany? Propaganda Goebbels - master of propaganda / Nazi Rallies / Cinema & Radio / Censorship of News and Arts Race Master Race / Jewish Persecution / Nuremberg Laws / Kristallnacht / Concentration Camps How did Nazi racial & religious policy affect life in Germany? Religion Nazi Reich Church / Catholic Concordat / Dietrich Bonhoeffer / Martin Niemoller

2. How did Nazi economic & social policy affect life in Germany? ECONOMIC SOCIAL Four Year Plan – prepare Germany for war both economically and militarily. 3 Ks / Kinder, Kirche, Kuche– Women were to focus on Children, Kitchen, Church. They were rewarded for having children. The population rose sharply. Rearmament - although illegal under the TOV, Hitler wanted Germany to have a well equipped armed forces. Strength Through Joy (KdF) – gave Nazis the chance of a holiday or to meet socially. Opponents said it was a way to keep an eye on people outside of work. Reduce Unemployment – Hitler reduced unemployment by re-introducing conscription and not counting unemployed women & Jews. Nazi Education – Teachers had to be a member of the Nazi Teachers League and teach Nazi math and German literature & history. German Labour Front– Hitler banned Trade Unions and set up the DAF. This put men to work on Autobahns & Schools. Compulsory for 18 - 25 Hitler Youth – indoctrinated the German youth into little Hitler’s. Taught military/survival skills and encouraged children to spy on their parents.

3. How did Nazi political policy affect life in Germany? POLITICAL PROPAGANDA SS (Schutzstaffel) – Black-shirted SS were Hitler’s secret army & also controlled the concentration camps. Used terror and intimidation. Joseph Goebbels – the Minister of propaganda was a master at brainwashing people. He indoctrinated people by repeating the same message over an over. Gestapo – Nazi secret police. Rooted out suspected opponents, Jews, homosexuals and academics – either imprisoned, sent to concentration camps or murdered. Nuremberg Rallies – the Nazis organised mass party rallies (Nuremberg) to show how strong they were and to get their message across to the German people. Legal Control – Judges were replaced by Nazis. Death sentence crimes rose from 3 to 46. Between 1934 – 39, 500 people had been sentenced to death. Nazi Radio & Cinema – Radios produced cheaply so every home could afford one -Nazi messages were sent over the airwaves. Films mostly about Germany. Central/Local Government – The Fuhrer controlled government and handed orders down the line to leading Nazis. No votes, just death & destruction. Media & Arts – artists were encouraged to paint German paintings and writers to write about being a good Nazi.

4. How did Nazi racial & religious policy affect life in Germany? RACE RELIGION Master Race – Hitler believed that the Aryan race was superior to all others. He thought Jews were sub-human and should be exploited for the benefit of Germans. Catholic Concordat- Hitler saw the church as a threat. He signed a Concordat (agreement) with the pope agreeing to leave one another alone. Nuremberg Laws (1935)– these laws made persecuting Jews legal. Jews had no rights and could be attacked in the street or have their property destroyed. National Reich Church – Once his power was secure Hitler set up his Reich Church. He replaced the cross and bible with a sword and copy of Mein Kampf. Kristallnacht – after a polish Jew killed a Nazi, Goebbels organised a pogrom (attack) on Jewish property across Germany. Windows smashed, Jews killed. Dietrich Bonhoeffer – was involved in plotting against Hitler & spoke out against the Nazis. He was sent to Dachau concentration camp & executed in 1943. Concentration Camps – Night of Broken Glass: 7500 shops, 400 synagogues, 30,000 Jews sent to Sachsenhausen , later sent to Ghettoes and death camps. Martin Niemoller – arrested and imprisoned for speaking out. Wrote a famous poem about saying nothing until it was too late.