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Micro-organisms

Micro-organisms. What are microorganisms?. Micro-organisms or microbes for short are very small living organisms. They are divided into 3 main groups called bacteria , fungi and viruses . Pictures of microorganisms. Bacteria.

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Micro-organisms

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  1. Micro-organisms

  2. What are microorganisms? Micro-organisms or microbes for short are very small living organisms. They are divided into 3 main groups called bacteria, fungi and viruses.

  3. Pictures of microorganisms

  4. Bacteria • Bacteria are sometimes known as germswhich is really an incorrect word to use as most bacteria are beneficialand not harmful. • Bacteria that are classed as harmful are known as pathogens.

  5. Different types of bacteria • Bacteria come in all shapes from spheres & spirals to rod shaped.

  6. A typical bacterium Flagella (one flagellum) Cell wall Cytoplasm Cell membrane Capsule (Slime layer) Ribosomes Pili (one pilus) Bacterial DNA Plasmid

  7. What the parts of a bacterial cell do • Capsule (Slime layer):Protects bacteria eg from stomach acid • Cytoplasm:Where the chemical reactions take place • Bacterial DNA:Not in a nucleus but it controls the cell • Flagella: Helps the bacteria to move • Plasmid: Extra circular DNA, useful in genetic engineering • Pili: Protects the cell surface and helps the bacterium to stick to surfaces

  8. Useful or beneficial bacteria • Bacteria used to make some foods eg yoghurt & cheese. • Useful bacteria in the digestive system • Decompose dead material • Provide drugs and hormones

  9. Harmful or pathogenic bacteria • Many bacteria cause disease and infections

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