1 / 43

Cell Injury and Inflammation

Cell Injury and Inflammation. Reference: Robbins Basic Pathology 7 th edition. Kumar, Cotran, Robbins editors. 2003. Immunology, 6 th edition. Roitt, Brostoff, Male. 2001 Nutrition, immune functions and health; Euroconferences, Paris; June 9-10, 2005

nixie
Download Presentation

Cell Injury and Inflammation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cell Injury and Inflammation Reference: Robbins Basic Pathology 7th edition. Kumar, Cotran, Robbins editors. 2003. Immunology, 6th edition. Roitt, Brostoff, Male. 2001 Nutrition, immune functions and health; Euroconferences, Paris; June 9-10, 2005 Internet. Accessed November 30, 2007

  2. Cell Injury a

  3. Cell changes a

  4. Free radical generation a

  5. Cellular injury types a

  6. Apoptosis a

  7. Apoptosis inhibitors d

  8. Pathogens Virus Bacteria Fungi Protozoa Multicellular parasites Protection Skin Mucosal epithelium Secretions, tears Physical Rapid air flow Peristalsis Ciliary movements pH Commensals Pathogens and body defenses

  9. nucleus • oxygen • macronutrients • micronutrients • substrates • hormones • cytokines • CO2 • breakdown products • micronutrients • substrates • hormones • cytokines • energy production • substrate utilization • substrate synthesis • protein / complex subs synthesis LOCAL EFFECTS Endothelium interaction • Interaction with clotting mechanism • interaction with inflammation process SYSTEMIC EFFECTS Capillary arterial side Capillary venous side The microcirculatory environment

  10. Normal environment a

  11. Inflammatory mediators a

  12. Inflammation b

  13. Inflammation a

  14. Capillary environment a

  15. Kinin/clotting/complement system a

  16. Complement system a

  17. Eicosanoids a

  18. Cells-cell interaction and eicosanoids a

  19. Calder Philip, Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and immunity : Nutrition, immune functions and health; Euroconferences, Paris; June 9-10, 2005 EPA NFB Arachidonic acid in membrane phospholipids DHA Phospholipase A2 Inflammatory effects (e.g. cytokines) Free arachidonic acid COX-2 5-LOX 5-LOX COX-2 COX-2 E-series resolvins 3-series PG & TX 5-series LT 2-series PG & TX 4-series LT D-series resolvins, etc Anti Inflammatory effects Inflammatory effects Less Inflammatory effects than 4-series Less Inflammatory effects than 2-series Anti Inflammatory effects Anti Inflammatory effects Inflammatory effects -3 PUFA c

  20. Inflammation a

  21. Local activity a

  22. Neutrophil actions a

  23. Activated leucocyte a

  24. Leucocyte mechanisms a

  25. Cytokines a

  26. B cell CTL NK Cell Th1 Naive Th cell Th0 Th2 Current update B Cell

  27. Interleukins d

  28. Interleukins d

  29. Interleukins d

  30. Inflammation Outcomes a

  31. Histopath a

  32. Nitric Oxide a

  33. L-arginine Plasma membrane L-arginine ASL O2 NADPH+ + H AS GTP BH4 NOS Ca2+ ASS NADP+ L-citrulline Nitric oxide Wu and Meininger, 2002, Annu Rev Nutr. 22: 61-68 Flynn et al, 2005, Nutrients and Signalling 225-252 Nitric oxide b

  34. Wu G, Nutritional regulations of NO synthesis and its implications for health; : Nutrition, immune functions and health; Euroconferences, Paris; June 9-10, 2005 Fe, cobalt, nickel macrophages ceramide Vitamin A & D3 LDL & linoleic acid ginseng High fat diet islets, liver, colon glutamine arginine copper Arteries, aorta, vascular smooth muscle cells Fructose Fe Phytanic acid polyphenols Brain, heart, Retinal cells kidney Inducible NOS: activity b

  35. Wu G, Nutritional regulations of NO synthesis and its implications for health; : Nutrition, immune functions and health; Euroconferences, Paris; June 9-10, 2005 3 & 6 PUFA Cd, Cr, Cu, Lead macrophages polyphenols fructose carotenoids High ethanol Lung, GIT glucosamine glutamine Taurine Lysine endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells Niacin & B6 High glucose Vit A, D3, & E Iron kidney High salt diet neuronal cells Fructose Melatonin & Vit D3 Inducible NOS: activity b

  36. Inflammation outcomes a

  37. Histopath a

  38. Monocytes a

  39. Tissue inflammation, Early organ failure and death SIRS TNF, IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, IFN, IL-3 Immunonutrients PRO glutamine days weeks Inflammatory balance ANTI IL-10, IL-4, IL-1ra, Monocyte HLA-DR suppression Immunosuppression Delayed MOF and death 2nd Infections CARS Insult (trauma, sepsis) Griffiths, R. “Specialized nutrition support in the critically ill: For whom and when? Clinical Nutrition: Early Intervention; Nestle Nutrition Workshop Series Inflammation and organ failure in the ICU

  40. Lecuit M, Sonnenburg J. Host-microbial relationship in the intestine: sensing commensal and pathogenic bacteria: Nutrition, immune functions and health; Euroconferences, Paris; June 9-10, 2005 Host-microbial interaction c

  41. Gut – inductive and effector sites c Per Brandtzaeg, Mucosal adaptive immunity: impact of exogenous stimuli and feeding; Nutrition, immune functions and health; Euroconferences, Paris; June 9-10, 2005

  42. Cytotoxic T cells macrophages

  43. macrophages Ligands (glycoproteins) Cytotoxic T cells

More Related