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Mixtures and Compounds

Explore the composition of matter through pure substances, elements, compounds, mixtures, and their classifications. Learn about different types of mixtures, solutions, suspensions, and colloids with examples.

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Mixtures and Compounds

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  1. Mixtures and Compounds

  2. Composition of MatterOne way we classify matter is either pure substances or mixtures. • Pure substances are either elements or compounds. • An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances even by a chemical reaction. • A compound is a pure substance composed of two or more elements combined chemically in definite proportions.

  3. Elements versus Compounds • Identify each of the following as an element or a compound. • He • H2O • Sodium chloride • copper

  4. Mixtures • A mixture is a combination of two or more elements or compounds. • Mixtures differ from pure compounds in that their components can be separated by physical processes. • Examples: * pencil lead * salt water * air

  5. Types of Mixtures • Homogeneous mixtures have the same composition throughout. • Examples: salt water, air, brass • Heterogeneous mixtures do not have the same composition throughout. • Examples: lake water, soil

  6. Solutions • A solution is one type of matter dissolved in a liquid or gas. • It is a mixture that is completely uniform throughout (homogeneous). • Examples: • Salt water • Sugar water

  7. Suspensions • Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures. • The different pieces can be mixed together, but they will eventually settle out. • Examples: • Muddy water • Oil and vinegar salad dressings • Liquid antibiotics

  8. Colloids • Colloids are mixtures that are similar to both solutions and suspensions. • The particles will not separate, but the particles are visible in the mixture. They can be seen when a light is shown onto the mixture. • Examples: • Milk • Fog • Whipped cream

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