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Obtain detailed information about Madison's weather at 10:00 AM CDT on July 17, 2002, including temperature, dew point, humidity, wind speed, and more. Stay updated with this reliable weather report.
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MADISON’S CURRENT WEATHER Madison Weather at 1000 AM CDT 17 JUL 2002 Updated twice an hour at :05 and :25 Sky/Weather: PTSUNNY Temperature: 79 F (26 C) Dew Point: 65 F (18 C) Relative Humidity: 62% Wind: SW5 MPH Barometer: 30.07F (1018.3 mb)
Radar estimated storm total precipitation From 5PM Sun to9 AM Mon (CDT)
Yesterday’s High Temperatures (oF) – (1961-90) Average High Temperatures
Late Sunday Afternoon Apparent Temperatures/Heat Indices(oF)
Current Surface Weather Map with Isobars (“iso” = equal & “bar” = weight), Fronts and Radar
Current Temperatures (°F) & Isotherms(“iso” = equal +”therm” = temperature)
Announcements • Homework #3 is returned todayAnswer Key is posted athttp://www.aos.wisc.edu/~hopkins/aos100/homework • Homework #4 is due Thurs. • 2nd Hour Exam is scheduled for Thurs. • Study sheet is posted at: http://www.aos.wisc.edu/~hopkins/aos100/exams • If you have ??, please see me.
ATM OCN 100 - Summer 2002 LECTURE 16ATMOSPHERIC OPTICAL PHENOMENA A. INTRODUCTION • Why do we have red sunsets, white clouds & blue skies? • Where do we look for a rainbow & what does its occurrence signify?
A. Introduction (con’t.) • Definition & Scope • Optics: To be seen • Historical Background
B. NATURE OF VISIBLE LIGHT • The Electromagnetic Spectrum • A review
B. NATURE OF VISIBLE LIGHT(con’t.) • Visible Light, Sunlight & the Electromagnetic Spectrum • I. Newton, sunlight & polychromatic light • Visible Light, Color & Human Visual Perception
C. FUNDAMENTAL OPTICAL PROCESSES • Atmospheric Optical Phenomena depends upon Fundamental Optical Processes affecting sunlight • Review of Fundamental Optical Processes • where ...
SCATTERING • Redirection of light ray due to suspended particles. • New direction may be in forward or backward direction. • Depends upon relative size of scatterer: • Rayleigh Scatter [small particles] • Mie Scatter [large particles]
REFLECTION • Redirection of light ray in backward direction by large surface. • Reflection RelationshipAngle of reflection = angle of incidence
REFLECTION (con’t.) • Depends upon reflecting surface: • Smooth surface Specular Reflection • Rough surface Diffuse Reflection
Comparisons Absorption & Emission Scattering Reflection
REFRACTION • Redirection of light ray within medium due to density differences.
REFRACTION (con’t.) • Depends upon: • density of medium • wavelength of light • incident angle • Relationship(Snell’s Law) Angle of refraction angle of incidence
DISPERSION • Separation of polychromatic light ray into component colors during passage through a medium.
DISPERSION (con’t.) • Requires concurrent refraction. • Depends upon: • density of medium • wavelength of light
DIFFRACTION • Constructive & destructive interference patterns of light waves due to slight bending of light ray moving around an object.
DIFFRACTION(con’t.) • Requires small openings or objects. • Produces light and dark bands. • Depends upon wavelength. • Polychromatic light ray may be broken into component colors.
D. ATMOSPHERIC OPTICAL PHENOMENA Optical Phenomena associated with: • Small Particles in Atmosphere • Vertical Air Density Gradients • Liquid Water Drops/Droplets in Air • Ice Crystals in Air where ...
1. Optical Phenomena associated withSMALL PARTICLES in ATMOSPHERE(GAS MOLECULES & AEROSOLS) • Blue Skies(Rayleigh Scatter) • White Clouds(Mie Scatter) • Red Sunsets(Rayleigh & Mie Scatter)
Sunray Paths in the AtmosphereSee Fig. 2.8 Moran & Morgan (1997)