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Water and Weather

Water and Weather. Chapter Six: Weather and Climate. 6.1 Introduction to Weather 6.2 Weather Patterns 6.3 Climates and Biomes. Investigation 6A. Observing the Weather. How can you use weather data to make predictions?. 6.1 Introduction to Weather.

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Water and Weather

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  1. Water and Weather

  2. Chapter Six: Weather and Climate • 6.1 Introduction to Weather • 6.2 Weather Patterns • 6.3 Climates and Biomes

  3. Investigation 6A Observing the Weather • How can you use weather data to make predictions?

  4. 6.1 Introduction to Weather • Weatheris a term that describes the condition of the atmosphere in terms of temperature, wind, and atmospheric pressure.

  5. 6.1 Temperature • Heated air near a hot surface is less dense than the colder air above it. • The heated air rises, forcing the colder air to move aside and sink toward the ground. • Then this colder air is warmed by the surface, and it rises. • Wind is created.

  6. 6.1 Pressure • When warm air rises from Earth’s surface, an area of low pressure is created. • This lower-pressure area draws in air from surrounding higher-pressure areas. • Eventually the warm air that rose from the surface cools and becomes more dense. • Dense, cool air sinks back to the surface causing an area of high pressure. • This new high pressure may become the source of more wind.

  7. 6.1 Convection in the atmosphere • Convection near coastlines causes sea breezes during the day and land breezes at night.

  8. 6.1 Convection in the atmosphere • A small upward flow of warm air is called a thermal. • Pilots of sailplanes (which lack engines) fly by riding the thermals.

  9. 6.1 Convection cells • The combination of global convection and Earth’s rotation sets up a series of wind patterns called convection cells.

  10. 6.1 Coriolis effect • The bending of currents of air due to the Earth’s rotation is called the Coriolis effect.

  11. 6.1 Air and water vapor • Three important global wind patterns exist in each hemisphere: • Trade winds • Prevailing westerlies • Polar easterlies

  12. 6.1 Air and water vapor • Water in gas form is called water vapor. • Like a soggy sponge, air reaches a point and can’t hold anymore vapor. • The vapor turns back into liquid and form droplets. Use these pictures to explain how the cycle can continue.

  13. 6.1 Relative Humidity • Relative humidityis a measure of how much water vapor an air mass contains.

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