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Capitalization

Capitalization. Proper Nouns and Adjectives. Capitalization. Like most other conventions of language, capital letters help make writing easier to read. They call attention to certain special words and indicate the beginnings of sentences.

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Capitalization

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  1. Capitalization Proper Nouns and Adjectives

  2. Capitalization Like most other conventions of language, capital letters help make writing easier to read. They call attention to certain special words and indicate the beginnings of sentences. There are specific rules for capitalizing words. This PowerPoint will show you the rules. You can revisit this PowerPoint at any time if you have questions about capitalization.

  3. Proper Nouns and Adjectives Rule: Capitalize proper nouns and proper adjectives.

  4. Proper Nouns and Adjectives • A common noun is the name of a general group of people, places, or things. Example: queen, country, government • A proper noun is the name of a particular person, place, or thing. Example: Elizabeth, France, Congress • A proper adjective is an adjective formed from a proper noun. Example: Elizabethan, French, Congressional

  5. Names of People Rule: Capitalize people’s names and the initials or abbreviations that stand for names.

  6. Names of People • J. K. Rowling • Joanne Kathleen Rowling • J. R. R. Tolkien • JohnRonaldReuelTolkien • Arthur C. Clarke • Arthur Charles Clarke

  7. Names of People Rule: Capitalize the titles – written or abbreviated – used with people’s names.

  8. Names of People • Gov. R. T. Alberg • Mrs. Jennifer Manzano • Judge Ellen Sullivan • Pfc James A. Morris • Dr. L. K. Jenkins • Rev. Charles Klein

  9. Names of People Rule: Do not capitalize a title that is used without a name. It is a common noun.

  10. Names of People • Barbara Sloan is president of the bank. • The judge in this courtroom is Justice Banks. • The principal announced a staff meeting. • The tribe searched the reservation for its chief.

  11. Names of People Rule: Do capitalize titles of very high importance, even when they are used without a name.

  12. Names of People • the President of the United States • the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court • the Prime Minister of Great Britain. • the Pope

  13. Family Relationships Rule: Capitalize such family words as mom, father, aunt, and grandpa when they are used as names.

  14. Family Relationships • What was Dad like when he was sixteen, Grandma? • Jessica is here, Mom. • Uncle Don is coming home from Iraq.

  15. Family Relationships Rule: Do not capitalize such family words as mom, father, aunt, and grandpa if it is preceded by a possessive word or by a, an, or the.

  16. Family Relationships • Mom calls our grandma every Sunday. • My aunt’s car needs a new battery. • The father in the movie was played by Denzel Washington.

  17. The Pronoun I Rule: Always capitalize the pronoun I.

  18. The Pronoun I • He and I went to the football game. • I work after school. • Mike, Suzy, and I were confused by the assignment.

  19. The Supreme Being and Sacred Writings Rule: Capitalize all words – including personal pronouns – referring to God, to the Holy Family, and to religious scriptures.

  20. The Supreme Being and Sacred Writings the Almighty the Bible the Sanskrit the Talmud the Blessed Virgin Allah the Son of God the Book of Job the Great Spirit the Lord They asked the Lord for His blessing.

  21. Geographic Names Rule: In a geographical name, capitalize the first letter of each word except for articles and prepositions.

  22. Geographic Names:Continents Africa North America South America Australia Asia Europe

  23. Geographic Names:Bodies of Water the Atlantic Ocean the Ohio River the Gulf of Mexico the Dead Sea the Panama Canal Lake Michigan

  24. Geographic Names:Land Forms Mount McKinley the Grand Canyon Death Valley the Black Hills Cape Cod Aleutian Islands

  25. Geographic Names:Political Units Florida Province of Ontario Denver Republic of Kenya State of Israel Sixteenth Congressional District

  26. Geographic Names:Public Areas Yellowstone National Park Fort Sumter Badlands National Monument Ford Theater Fallen Timbers Battlefield Everglades National Park

  27. Geographic Names:Roads and Highways Route 30 Interstate 77 13thStreet Perry Drive West Tuscarawas Street LincolnWay

  28. Directions and Sections Rule: Capitalize names and sections of the country.

  29. Directions and Sections The West has several old trading posts. The South is sometimes called “Dixie.” The Sorensons moved from New England to the West Coast.

  30. Directions and Sections Rule: Capitalize proper adjectives that come from names of sections of the country.

  31. Directions and Sections A Midwestern town Southern food Western saddle East Coast company

  32. Directions and Sections Rule: Do not capitalize directions of the compass.

  33. Directions and Sections Barrow, Alaska, is north of all other United States cities. Drive east on Interstate 80 to New York. We’re heading south for the winter.

  34. Directions and Sections Rule: Do not capitalize adjectives that come from words showing direction.

  35. Directions and Sections The parking lot is on the north side of the building. The southerly breeze turned into a fierce wind.

  36. Organizations and Institutions Rule: Capitalize the names of organizations and institutions and abbreviations of these names.

  37. Organizations and Institutions Republican Party Federal Trade Commission AFL-CIO Edison Middle School AultmanHospital NCAA American Library Association

  38. Organizations and Institutions Rule: Do not capitalize such words as school, church, and hospital when they are not used as parts of names.

  39. Organizations and Institutions Several people from our church are going. She works at the hospital. Were you tardy to school?

  40. Events, Documents, and Periods of Time Rule: Capitalize the names of historical events, documents, and periods of time.

  41. Events, Documents, and Periods of Time BostonMasssacre the Renaissance Kristallnacht United States Constitution the Vietnam War Treaty of Versailles

  42. Months, Days, and Holidays Rule: Capitalize the names of months, days, and holidays, but not the names of seasons.

  43. Months, Days, and Holidays December Ramadan Thursday Halloween autumn

  44. School Subjects Rule: Do not capitalize the names of school subjects, except course titles followed by a number.

  45. School Subjects history Art I industrial arts advanced biology Math 300

  46. School Subjects Rule: Remember that the names of languages are always capitalized.

  47. School Subjects English Spanish Japanese French

  48. Planes, Trains, Ships,and Automobiles Rule: Capitalize the names of planes, trains, ships, and automobiles.

  49. Planes, Trains, Ships, and Automobiles U.S.S.Constellation Concorde Ford Mustang Orient Express

  50. B.C., A.D. Rule: Capitalize the abbreviations B.C. and A.D.

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