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Political Participation

Political Participation. Equal Opportunities and Unequal Voices. Opportunities, Costs, and Benefits. BUYcotting – Using purchasing decisions to support the products and policies of businesses (p. 139/151).

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Political Participation

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  1. Political Participation Equal Opportunities and Unequal Voices

  2. Opportunities, Costs, and Benefits • BUYcotting – Using purchasing decisions to support the products and policies of businesses (p. 139/151). • Rational Actor Theory – The theory that states choices are based on our individual assessment of costs and benefits (p. 139/151). • Free Riders – Those whoenjoy the benefits from activities without paying the costs of participation (p. 140/152). *Attributes of Political Activities (chart p. 140/152)

  3. Characteristics ofPolitical Participation • Seeks to influence government policy • Has broad legal consequences • Varies in form Chart p. 140/152

  4. IngredientsforInvolvement • 1) Access to Resources – time, money & skill (chart p. 142/154); factors of diversity - family wealth (chart p. 142/154), education, religious affiliation, workplace, race and gender (chart p. 142/155) • 2)Political Engagement(Interest) – Psychological predisposition towards or interest in politics (p. 143/155); chart p. 147/159 • Political Interest – meaure’s concern for election, outcome and positions of candidates on issues • Political Efficacy (Internal and External) – empowerment/satisfaction via political involvement • Political Information – amount of knowledge posses • Strength of Party Identification – degree of loyalty • 3) Mobilization (Political, Direct and Indirect) – target groups for involvement

  5. Voting – Free, Fair, Frequent* • Who Votes? Who Doesn’t? • Who Votes (chart p. 146/158; increase 2008*) • Average Turnout in National Elections, Western Europe and United States, 1945 – 2003 (chart p. 148/160) • Factors Influencing Voter Turnout • Voter Fatigue – A tendency to tire of the process of voting as a result of frequent elections (p. 149/160).

  6. Other Forms of Participation • Beyond Voting: • Activities That Require More Time • Activities That Require More Skill • Activities That Require More Money (check book democracy; consumer activism)

  7. The Impact of Participation Patterns on Policy • Disproportionate voice of “advantaged” creating “imbalanced” democratic system

  8. Participation and Civic Engagement Today (Ways to Increase Voter Turnout) • Longer Polling Hours • Voting on Holiday/Weekend • Same-day Registration • New Methods of Voting • Compulsory Voting (chart p. 154/166) • Decrease in Cost of Running for Office • Increase Civic Skills to Increase Participation Rates

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