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The Logic of Planning

The Logic of Planning. October 31,2011 SPF-SIG. The Plan. Logic Model—the Big Picture Links in the Model Goals and Objectives Making it Work for You How the Logic Model connects with the SPF—Big Picture to Little Boxes The Blueprint—Strategic Plan Guidance Document

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The Logic of Planning

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  1. The Logic of Planning October 31,2011 SPF-SIG

  2. The Plan • Logic Model—the Big Picture • Links in the Model • Goals and Objectives • Making it Work for You • How the Logic Model connects with the SPF—Big Picture to Little Boxes • The Blueprint—Strategic Plan Guidance Document • Logic Model Strategic Plan—Building with the Boxes • Assessment—What’s needed for Strategic Plan to Support Your Logic Model • How do we move on together?

  3. An interactive logical presentation of things you already know.

  4. Phase I:The big picture . . .

  5. In the beginning you have...

  6. The Problem Problem Must be measurable!!!

  7. To be measurable, a problem must have boundaries—typically by defining a target population by: • Age • Geographic area • Other characteristics Problem

  8. We label things “problem” because they have undesirable consequences.

  9. What’s your problem?What are your boundaries?Age?Geography?Other?

  10. The Undesirable Consequences Consequence Problem (Alcohol abuse) Consequence Consequence Must be measurable!!!

  11. Every problem exists in a context . . .

  12. The Context The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs, Culture) Problem (Alcohol abuse)

  13. Context is generally intangible, inside peoples’ heads. Context leads, however, to behaviors we can see (and count). Context influences behavior, which influences the problem.

  14. What contextual factors do you think are influencing your problem? (not behaviors)

  15. Context influences behaviors (intervening variables), which have an impact on the problem.

  16. The Intervening Variables (Behaviors) Behavior The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs, Culture) Problem (Alcohol abuse) Behavior Behavior Must be measurable!!!

  17. A Series of Links Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs, Culture) Problem (Alcohol abuse) Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence This is how we believe the world works (our hypothesis).

  18. Sometimes, the Links May Be Circular Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs, Culture) Problem (Alcohol abuse) Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence

  19. Examples: • Radically increased jail terms (consequences) are hypothesized to increase perception of risk (context), which will then reduce the behaviors that lead to the problem • Contaminated drugs leading to highly publicized deaths (consequence) is hypothesized to increase perception of risk (context), which will reduce drug acquisition (intervening variable) and use (problem) MAYBE . . .

  20. What are some examples of the links?

  21. Context • Norms about acceptability of underage drinking • Misperceptions of norms of who drinks and how much • Low perception of risk (legal, health, injury) • Peer influence • Family influence • Lack of laws

  22. Intervening Variables • Parents providing alcohol to minors • Youth parties with underage drinking • Package stores selling to minors • Siblings sharing with minors • Parents failing to lock up liquor cabinets • Schools not enforcing policies consistently

  23. The Problem • Underage drinking • Alcohol abuse in young adults • Others as defined by data

  24. The Consequences • Arrests • School performance/suspensions/expulsions • Injuries • Deaths • DUI arrests • Violence

  25. When we develop our logic model, it is frequently easier to work backwards. The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs) Problem (Alcohol abuse) Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence Did you check for cultural sensitivity?

  26. What are the problems and consequences your community is concerned about? Problem (Alcohol abuse) Consequence

  27. What are the specific behaviors which contribute to the problem and consequences? Problem (Alcohol abuse) Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence

  28. What specific aspects of the context allow those behaviors to occur? The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs) Problem (Alcohol abuse) Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence

  29. At this point, these links are hypothetical, until your needs assessment confirms that these are the problems, behaviors and contextual factors your community is concerned about, but more of that later . . .

  30. To test our hypothesis of how the world works (our logic model), we begin by measuring the links, so we will know if they are truly linked.

  31. You will need at least one good indicator for each link. • Measure the context norms, attitudes, beliefs • Inside the head, so self report only • Surveys, focus groups, town hall meetings • Measure intervening variable behaviors • Self report • Archival • Measure the problem behavior • Self report • Archival • Measure the consequences • Self report • Archival

  32. Now, we will test our hypothesis by using strategies to create change in the context and intervening variables. If: 1. our hypothesis is correct, and2. we effectively create change,then we will be able to measure change in the problem behavior and/or consequences.

  33. We create change by using strategies.

  34. Introducing Change The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs) Problem (Alcohol abuse) Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence Change The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs) Problem (Alcohol abuse) Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence Change

  35. Strategies Aim at Different Links Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence Intervening Variable Behavior The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs) Problem (Alcohol abuse) Consequence Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence Strategy Strategy Strategy

  36. SPF Strategies • Education • Alternative drug-free activities • Problem identification and referral • Community-based processes • Environmental strategies • Information dissemination

  37. What are the some examples of strategies aimed at each of the links? • Context? • Intervening Variables? • Problem? • Consequences?

  38. Strategies Aim at Different Links The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs) Problem (Alcohol abuse) Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence Strategy Strategy Strategy Environmental strategies Alternative activities Environmental strategies Environmental Strategies Education Community- based processes Information dissemination Problem identification and referral Make sure your strategies and activities are culturally appropriate and sustainable!

  39. Activities are the operationalization of strategies. Activities require people, money and time. The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs) Problem (Alcohol abuse) Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence Strategy Strategy Strategy Activities (costs) Activities (costs) Activities (costs)

  40. What kinds of activities belong in each strategy?

  41. Information Dissemination(builds awareness and knowledge) • Resource directories • Distribution of materials • Media campaigns to raise awareness • Community presentations

  42. Education(improves life and social skills such as decision-making, refusal, media literacy) • Peer leader programs • Most EBP’s such as Life Skills Training, All Stars, Too Good for Drugs • Parenting and family training such as Strengthening Families, Parenting Wisely, Guiding Good Choices

  43. Alternative Activities(Opportunities for drug-free leisure activities and to develop relationships with non-substance using peers) • Recreational events, dances or parties • Community drop-in centers • Youth centers • YELL/SADD club activities • Afterschool programs • Youth Mentoring

  44. Problem Identification and Referral(Identifies first use to reverse behavior in early stages) • Employee and student assistance programs • DUI program screenings • On-line screenings/referral programs • SBBIRT

  45. Community-based Processes(Enhances community capacity to provide prevention services) • Community coalition building • Communities That Care • Inter-agency coalition building • Town Hall Meetings

  46. Environmental Strategies(Establishes or changes standards and attitudes) • Pricing strategies • Media strategies to influence behavior, media advocacy • Policy advocacy • Law enforcement • Mandatory responsible beverage service training

  47. QUIZ!Name the strategy: • Bingo • Parents Who Host Lose the Most program • Town Hall Meeting • Project Alert • Fact sheet • Court diversion program

  48. Activity: • Write each of your projected activities on a sticky • Decide which strategy it represents • Place the sticky on the correct strategy

  49. What does your model look like now? The Context (Attitudes, Norms and Beliefs) Problem (Alcohol abuse) Intervening Variable Behavior Consequence Strategy Strategy Strategy Activities (costs) Activities (costs) Activities (costs)

  50. Take a break.You’ve earned it.

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