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Fuel Oil Maintenance and Filtration Selection

Fuel Oil Maintenance and Filtration Selection. Bob Cade. Agenda. Introduction About diesel fuel Cetane Stabilization and water Fuel Maintenance 3 steps to readiness Filtration, how it works More about additives Testing details Selecting and sizing a maintenance system Conclusion.

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Fuel Oil Maintenance and Filtration Selection

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  1. Fuel Oil Maintenanceand Filtration Selection Bob Cade

  2. Agenda • Introduction • About diesel fuel • Cetane • Stabilization and water • Fuel Maintenance • 3 steps to readiness • Filtration, how it works • More about additives • Testing details • Selecting and sizing a maintenance system • Conclusion

  3. Introduction • Critical Fuel Systems, div of BFS Industries, LLC • Building fuel oil equipment since 1946 • Created CFS to meet the unique needs of the Mission Critical market • Find more at www.criticalfuelsystems.com

  4. Diesel Fuel • How to size a system? • Diesel fuel or fuel oil? • Hydrophilic-fuel & water • Refining fuel oil • Catalyst or hydrogen cracking • Stability

  5. Diesel Fuel • Fuel Quality • Water • Cetane number • Maximum Water (and particulate) .05% • Cetane Number (CN)= ability to ignite • C16H34 (1-hexadecane) • Minimum allowed-40 • Maximum effective-50

  6. Diesel Fuel • Water • Delivered • Atmospheric • Produced in tank • New tank installation • Biological contamination • Fungi, algae, bacteria

  7. Basic Fuel System Total Fuel Management Fill Manifolds Day Tanks Filtration and Maintenance Pump Sets Tank Selection Valve

  8. Filtration Installation Filtration return Option #1 Primary suction Filtration suction

  9. Filtration Installation Filtration return Option #2 Primary suction Filtration suction

  10. Fuel Maintenance • Filtration-remove water and particulate • Treatment-additives to maintain and improve fuel quality. • Testing-test and adjust until consistently good results are obtained

  11. Filtration Basics

  12. Separator Internals

  13. Filtration Options

  14. More About Additives • Over 140 mfrs registered with EPA • Cetane boosters • Water emulsification agents • Stabilizers • Biocides

  15. Cetane Boosters • Typically 2-ethylhexl nitrate (EHN) • About .04% optimal concentration • Not recommended-accelerates instability

  16. Water Emulsification Agents • Any water in the fuel is bad • The only solution is to remove the water • Emulsifiers will only spread the water

  17. Stabilizers • Instability accelerated by: • Moisture • Oxygen • High Temperature-generators fuel bypass • Nitrates in cetane boosters • Instability results in: • Increase biological • Stratification • Varnishing

  18. Biocides • Solvent base • Broad spectrum • Work in water and fuel

  19. Testing • NFPA 110.8.3.8 requires annual testing to ASTM standards ASTM D-613 cetane/combustion ASTM D-1094 water ASTM D-2274 fuel stability ASTM D-500 lubrication quality ASTM D-97 cold flow test

  20. Sizing and Selection • Multiple Tank • How long can each storage tank be offline? • Determine generator capacity & calculate max fuel flow • 7.1 gph per 100KWH

  21. Sizing and Selection • Single Tank • As short of time as practical • 4 hour turn-over is typical • Or full flow type system

  22. Conclusion • Call it fuel oil or diesel fuel. • Fuel will degrade. • Fuel must be ready to go at all times, a life may depend on it! • Fuel must be maintained to be ready!

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