Cellular Respiration

1. Cellular Respiration

2. Energy Use

3. Harnessing the Flow of Particles

4. Chemiosmosis - ATP Synthases Harnessing the Flow of Protons H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ ATP Synthase ATP ATP H+ ADP ADP P P H+ H+ H+

5. Electron Transport Chain • Energized e- release stored E as they move from one molecule to another • The released E is used to pump protons from low  high concentration H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ CHEMIOSMOSIS ETC e- ATP ADP P H+ H+ H+ H+

6. Respiratory Review • How can a cell generate ATP? What is this specific process called? • How can a cell build up a proton gradient? What is the name for the system of molecules that carry out this function? • How can a cell/org obtain energized electrons? • In CR, the ETC is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. In Ps, it’s part of the thylakoid membrane. What problem might arise if the membrane used is the cell membrane?

7. Redox Reactions • Loss of e- = oxidation • Gain of e- = reduction • Electronegative particles attract e- • e- release E when dropping to more stable state e- H+ Oxidized Reduced

8. Oxidation of Organic Molecules • PE of C-H bonds is released during CR C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O This catabolic, exergonic, redoxrxn requires enzymes

9. Cellular Respiration Summary Glucose e- e- e- H+ H+ ATP ADP P ATP ADP P O CO2

10. Oxidation Baby Steps H • Oxidation of glucose • Worth 38 ATP • Simultaneous E release would damage cell • NAD • nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide • e- shuttle • Glucose ETC NAD

11. Oxidation Baby Steps • e- are handed off to increasingly electronegative molecules • E is released with each step • O2 is final e- acceptor

12. One of these things is not like the others • Mechanical, Transport, Heat, Chemical • Uracil, Dehydrogenase, Adenine, Nicotinamide • Catabolic, Redox, Exergonic, Systemic • Krebs Cycle, Dark Reactions, Electron Transport Chain, Glycolysis