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Ancient India

Ancient India. Chapter 13 Powerpoint Notes. Early Civilizations. Around 25,000 B.C. in the Indus River valley there was a great society that developed. It existed for around 800 years and included two major cities – Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro.

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Ancient India

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  1. Ancient India Chapter 13 Powerpoint Notes

  2. Early Civilizations • Around 25,000 B.C. in the Indus River valley there was a great society that developed. • It existed for around 800 years and included two major cities – Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. • Their civilization included irrigation, well-built homes and public buildings. • So what happened to these people?

  3. The Fall of Mohenjo-Daro • The Indus River valley civilizations fell as a new group of people called the Aryans migrated to the area in around 1700 B.C.. • Some people think the IRV were in a decline due to climate changes as well. • As this change happened, the Aryan culture mixed with the IRV culture. • Take notes during the video about the fall of the IRV.

  4. The Real Aryans • Not to be confused with Hitler’s Aryans, the Aryans of the IRV spoke a language called Sanskrit. • Sanskrit is still a language spoken and written today in the major religions of India primarily. • See if you can decipher some of the Sanskrit on the website below and write your full name!

  5. The Real Aryans • The Aryans were nomads and judged wealth by the amount of cattle someone owned. • We are all broke. • Aryans also brought new technology like iron plows. • With their use of iron they developed better weapons, which allowed them to dominate northern India.

  6. GUPTA & MAURYA Meet the Dynasties • There were two major dynasties that existed in India. What is a dynasty you ask? • A dynasty is a family of rulers. • These dynasties unified the region and established formal governments. • Buddhism also spread during the Gupta dynasty, which we will talk about later.

  7. The Gupta Dynasty (A.D. 320 –500) ruled during India’s golden age in science, art, and literature. Most Gupta rulers were Hindus. However, both Hinduism and Buddhism were practiced throughout the empire at that time. Hindu and Buddhist beliefs inspired many artists. They created sculptures and paintings of Hindu gods and goddesses. Many temples were built that contained images of characters from Hindu mythology. Gupta architects hollowed out the solid stone of mountainside cliffs to create Buddhist temples. In the city of Ajanta, 30 Buddhist temples are carved into the side of a mountain. WRITE DOWN SOME KEY FEATURES OF THE TWO DYNASTIES The first Indian empire was called the Maurya(324–185 B.C.). It was founded by the descendants of the Aryans who moved eastward from the region of the Indus River valley civilization. One of its emperors, Ashoka, created a unified government. He built a palace of stone and religious monuments. The Mauryans were known for their fine sculpture and sandstone carvings.

  8. WRITE DOWN A FEW MORE. . . Literature-Sanskrit literature blossomed during the Gupta Dynasty. Kalidasa, who lived during the fifth century A.D., was the greatest poet and playwright of his age. His plays were used to teach moral principles and were filled with creativity and mystery. Mathematics-Gupta mathematicians made many important discoveries. They developed the concept of zero and the numerals that we use today. Centuries after the Gupta Empire fell, Europeans learned these numerals and the concept of zero from the Islamic civilizations of Southwest Asia. Europeans called this number system Arabic, the name still used today.

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