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Immigration. Timeline. Pre-1965: Quotas system Immigration Act of 1965 abolished quota system Preference for skilled persons and those with US relatives Creation of migration chains Limits on Western Hemisphere Expectation: Little Change; Reality: Increase in non-European migration.
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Timeline • Pre-1965: Quotas system • Immigration Act of 1965 abolished quota system • Preference for skilled persons and those with US relatives • Creation of migration chains • Limits on Western Hemisphere • Expectation: Little Change; Reality: Increase in non-European migration
Timeline (continued) • 1986: Immigration Reform and Control Act • Penalize employers of unauthorized immigrants • Border controls • Amnesty for those in US before 1/1/1982 • 1996: Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act • Income above poverty level to sponsor an immigrant • More resources to stop illegal immigration (border patrol agents, fence, etc.) • Tougher penalties for smuggling people or faking docs • Deportation easier than ever
More on Immigration • Role of refugees • 1952: McCarran-Walter Act for those fleeing from communist regimes could be admitted to US • 1980: Refugee Act for those leaving country due to fear of persecution due to race, religion, nationality, political stance, etc.
Recent Immigration • 1990: California, Texas, New York, Illinois, and Florida have highest populations of foreign born residents • More than half of all US immigrants come from Latin America today, while roughly 25% come from Asia • 2001: Top five legal immigrants into US • Mexico, India, China, Philippines, and Vietnam
Recent Refugees • 800,000 Cubans since 1959 Revolution • 600,000 from Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos
Continued Debate • Reagan’s amnesty program designed to stop illegal immigration • Tripled over next 20 years • George W. Bush made it a top priority but Congress disagreed on how to act • Citizenship, Deportation, Build a Wall, Quotas, Guest-worker programs? • What do you think we should do in regards to immigration?