Mammalian Dissection - Fetal Pig

1. Mammalian Dissection - Fetal Pig Significant Structures and Physiological Adaptations

2. Mammalian Dissection - Structure, Function and Location Cardiovascular System 1. Structure: Heart Function: Forces blood through circulatory system, delivering oxygen and nutrients. 2. Structure: Arteries Function: Deliver blood (usually oxygen rich) away from the heart. 3. Structure: Veins Function: Deliver blood (usually oxygen depleted) to the heart.

3. Mammalian Dissection - Structure, Function and Location Respiratory System 4. Structure: Trachea Function: Conducts air to and from the lungs. 5. Structure: Lungs Function: Responsible for the exchange of gases between the blood and atmosphere. 6. *Structure: Diaphragm Function: Muscle responsible for aiding in breathing. Flattens on contraction, increasing volume in thoracic cavity.

4. Mammalian Dissection - Structure, Function and Location Digestive System 7. Structure: Stomach Function: Receives and partially breaks down food. Limited nutrient absorption. 8. Structure: Liver Function: Purifies blood, stores sugars, produces bile. 9. Structure: Pancreas Function: Produces digestive enzymes that enter small intestine. 10. Structure: Small Intestine Function: Uses digestive enzymes to breakdown and absorb food products passed from stomach. 11. Structure: Large Intestine Function: Absorbs water and eliminates waste. 12. Structure: Cecum Function: Contains microorganisms that help digest cellulose in herbivores. 13. Structure: Rectum Function: Storage area for feces that will be eliminated.

5. Mammalian Dissection - Structure, Function and Location Lymphatic System 14. Structure: Spleen Function: Stores and produces red blood cells and certain lymphocytes. Involved in cleansing blood and immune response. Urinary System 15. Structure: Kidney Function: Eliminates waste from the blood stream. Concentrates liquid wastes and eliminates excess water. 16. Structure: Ureter Function: Carries urine from kidney to urinary bladder. 17. Structure: Urinary Bladder Function: Stores urine prior to elimination.

6. Mammalian Dissection - Structure, Function and Location Reproductive System 18. Structure: Testes Function: Produces sperm and male sex hormones. 19. Structure: Penis Function: Male organ of copulation and urination. 20. Structure: Urethra Function: Tube that connects urinary bladder to urogenital opening where urine is expelled. 21. Structure: Ovary Function: Produces eggs and female sex hormones. 22. Structure: Uterus Function: Location of embryonic development in females.

7. Identification - Name these structures! 1 11 12 3 2 13 14 4 5 7 6 8 9 10

15. Significant Mammalian Physiological Adaptations #1: Lung Importance of Adaptation: Well developed and efficient with lots of surface area. Important for endothermy. 9 #2: Heart Importance of Adaptation: Large, strong 4-chambered heart. Important for endothermy. 7 8 2 1 #3: Stomach Importance of Adaptation: Fairly large, allowing for large food intake. Important for endothermy. Liver #4: Small Intestine Importance of Adaptation: Long and folded for efficient nutrient absorption. Important for endothermy. 3 4 5 #5: Kidneys Importance of Adaptation: Important for water conservation on land. 6 #6: Reproductive Organs Importance of Adaptation: Specialized for internal fertilization. Important for survival on land.

16. Significant Mammalian Physiological Adaptations #7 Structure: Muscles and Limbs Function: Movement and support of body. Importance of Adaptation: High muscle mass and 4 limbs contribute to rapid and efficient movement. (possibly due to endothermy) 9 7 8 2 1 #8 Structure: Ribs Function: Protect and support organs in thoracic cavity. Importance of Adaptation: Especially strong in vertebrates adapted to life on land. Liver 3 4 5 #9 Structure: Fat and Fur Function: Insulation of heat. Importance of Adaptation: Thick fat layers and hair prevent heat loss. Important for endothermy. 6