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Rocks. Rock!. If you think rocks are boring. Think Again!. Rocks are all around us!. Have you ever wondered where rocks come from?. Did you know the Earth is a giant rock?. All Rocks are Made of Minerals. Minerals are nonliving, solid substances
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Rocks Rock!
If you think rocks are boring...
Rocks are all around us! Have you ever wondered where rocks come from? Did you know the Earth is a giant rock?
All Rocks are Made of Minerals • Minerals are nonliving, solid substances • They occur naturally - they are not made by people • Minerals have different shapes, colors, weights, and degrees of hardness • Minerals come together to form rocks
Types of Rocks • There are three types of rocks: • Each type of rock is formed in a different way Igneous (IG-nee-us) Sedimentary (sed-uh-MEN-tuh-ree) Metamorphic (meta-MOR-fick)
IGNEOUS ROCKS • Igneous rocks form when molten material cools and hardens. • If the molten material is inside the earth, it is called magma. • If the molten material is on the earth’s surface, it is called lava. • The molten material crystallizes into different minerals. • The properties and sizes of the various crystals depend on the magma’s composition and rate of cooling.
IGNEOUS ROCKS • Magma pushes up toward the surface. • A volcano forms on the surface. • Lava flows out of the volcano and cools quickly, forming igneous rocks. • Underground magma pools form, the magma cools slowly, forming crystallized igneous rocks.
Examples of Igneous Rocks… Obsidian Pumice Granite Basalt
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS • Sedimentary rocks are made of sediments • Sediments come from eroded igneous, metamorphic, and other sedimentary rocks, and the remains of dead plants and animals. • These sediments are deposited in layers and are then squeezed and compressed into rock. • Most fossils are found in sedimentary rocks.
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS • Over time, eroded sediments deposited at the base of a river. • Under great pressure, the sediments are pressed or squeezed to form sedimentary rocks.
Examples of Sedimentary Rocks… Shale Conglomerate Limestone Sandstone Sandstone
METAMORPHIC ROCKS • Metamorphic rocks form when sedimentary, igneous, or other metamorphic rocks are transformed by great heat and/or pressure. • The word “metamorphic” come from the Greek language and means “to change form”.
METAMORPHIC ROCKS • Sediments sink and add pressure on lower rocks. • Heat and pressure beneath the surface change the mineral make-up older rocks, forming new metamorphic rocks.
Examples of Metamorphic Rocks… Marble Gneiss Schist Metamorphic Mts.
Metamorphic Rock: Before and After
Resources: Rock cycle graphic: Earth Science: Part 2, (2002). The rock cycle.http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/7.asp Rock formation animations: Rocky the Rock Hound.http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow1/oct98/ Gravel background:sprott.physics.wisc.edu/ fractals.htm Sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic fill photos:http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/docs/usgsnps/rxmin/rock.html
Title of Lesson: Rocks Rock! • Content Area: Science • Grade Level: Third Grade • Subject: Rocks and Minerals • Objectives: • The student will be able to tell that all rocks are made of minerals. • The student will be able to name the three types of rocks. • The student will be able to describe the three ways that rocks are formed. • The student will be able to explain the rock cycle.
Purpose of Presentation • To activate and build the students’ schema and background knowledge on rocks. • To explain the three types of rocks in more detail than the textbook. • To increase student interest in the topic of rocks. • To accommodate visual and auditory learners.