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cleavage delta deposition erosion. extinct species fossil gas glacier. Hardness igneous rock lava liquid. luster magma matter. metamorphic rock mineral paleontologist. nonmetallic mineral river system rock. rock cycle sand dune sediment solid. sedimentary rock streak volcano.
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geologist Person who studies rocks and minerals
cementing When sediments are pressed together and harden into rock
heat andpressure heat andpressure
weathering weathering
humus The decayed remains of plants and animals
bedrock Un-weathered rock that lies below the lowest layer of soil.
soil Loose material that covers much of Earth’s surface. Made up of rock, minerals, and parts of once living things
subsoil The layer of soil just below the topsoil
topsoil The uppermost layer of soil.
elevation How high something is above sea level The mountain has a much higher elevation than the beach.
Piedmont An area of rolling hills, rivers and stream, and forests between the mountains and the coast. Georgia’s Piedmont has many hills and rivers.
estuary a place where freshwater and saltwater mix (This occurs where tides come up into coastal rivers and streams)
swamp a wetland in which mostly trees and other woody plants grow (The Okefenokee Swamp is the largest freshwater swamp in North America)
marsh a wetland in which mostly grasses and other soft-stem plants grow. (Marshes can be saltwater or freshwater)
wetland an area of low land covered by water for most of the year (wetlands are important because they soak up heavy rain that might cause flooding and filter out harmful materials)
coast where an ocean meets land (The coast is full of very important plants and animals)
continental shelf a gently sloping area of ocean bottom near shore
dune a mound of sand formed by wind and moving water (Dunes are home to many species of plants and animals)
barrier island a sandy strip of land offshore that protects the mainland