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Center for Developmental Research

Center for Developmental Research. Örebro University , Sweden Maarten van Zalk , Lauree Tilton -Weaver, Margaret Kerr, Håkan Stattin , Nejra van Zalk. Overview. Our main interests Current SIENA studies Main issues & many wishes. Personal interests. Interests.

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Center for Developmental Research

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  1. Center for Developmental Research Örebro University, Sweden Maarten van Zalk, LaureeTilton-Weaver, Margaret Kerr, Håkan Stattin, Nejra van Zalk

  2. Overview • Our maininterests • Current SIENA studies • Main issues & manywishes

  3. Personal interests

  4. Interests • Online vs. offlinenetworks (Maarten) • Personality: psychopathictraits, Big Five (Maarten, Margaret) • Externalizing: delinquency, bullying, aggression (Margaret, Håkan, Lauree) • Internalizing: depression, social anxiety (Maarten, Nejra) • Parents, peers, & externalizing (Lauree)

  5. Data • Seven Schools: up to 8 friends in the school (N = 2,500) • PoliticalSocialization Program: Up to 10 friends in school (N = 4,500) • 10-to-18: largecommunity, up to 23 friends, romantic partners, and siblings in the community (N = 4,500) • ONLINE vs.OFFLINE: small community & 89% of all friends foundexclusively online (N = 700) • ALL data alsohave independent parental reports

  6. Recent publications • Kerr, M, Van Zalk, M., Stattin, H. (in press). Psychopathic traits moderate peer influence on delinquency. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. • Van Zalk, N., Van Zalk, M., Kerr, M. & Stattin, H. (in press). Socialization of social anxiety in adolescent crowds: Punks, goths, and other eye-catching peer crowds revisited. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. • Van Zalk, N., Van Zalk, M., Kerr, M. & Stattin, H. (2011). Social anxiety as basis for friendship selection and socialization in a youth social network. Journal of Personality, 29, 499-525. • Van Zalk, M., Kerr, M.. Branje, S., Stattin, Håkan, & Meeus, W. (2010). Peer contagion and adolescent depression: The role of failure anticipation. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 39, 837-848. • Van Zalk M., Branje, S. Kerr, M.,Stattin, H., & Meeus, M. (2010). It takes three: Selection, influence, and de-selection processes of depression in adolescent peer networks. Developmental Psychology, 46, 927-938.

  7. Issues & Wishes • Moderation / Interaction effects • Mediation / Indirecteffects

  8. Plotting Simple Slopes • Y' = b1(x1-x1^) + b2(x2-x2^) + b3((x1-x1^)(x2-x2^)) • b1 = IV (parenting-ego estimate)b2 = Moderator (delinquency-alter estimate)b3 = Interaction: parenting-ego×delinquency-alterestimate • For x1^ the average parenting score was used • For x2^ the average delinquency score was used

  9. Moderation • Approach tographing: Plot simple slopes • Is there a user-friendlyway to visualize and test differencesbetweengroups? • Is this the best for two variables with a widerange of values? • Average scores or average for ego/alter? • If only for ego or alters, how do you get this information? • Are ego-alter tables the way to go? • Wish: Function in RSiena that canhelpvisualize interaction effects, visualize the slopes for the differenteffects

  10. Mediation • Processes / mechanismsunderlyingpeerinfluenceeffects • Crucial for understandinghowpeerinfluenceworks • Stages in influence • Indirecteffects

  11. Mediation • Do negative cognitionsmediatepeerinfluence on depressive symptoms? • Traditionalconditions for mediation: • X on Y • X on Z • When X and Z together on Y, only X remains

  12. Mediation • Do negative cognitionsmediatepeerinfluence on depressive symptoms? • Recently: • Indirecteffects of X on Y VIA Z Negative cognitions Friends depr Targets’ depression

  13. Mediation • .74*** • .43*** Negative cognitions • .12*** Average alt Targets’ depression

  14. Mediation • Indirecteffects of X on Y VIA Z • Can weuse a Sobel’s test? • Boots-trapping? • .74*** • .43*** Negative cognitions • .12*** Average alt Targets’ depression

  15. Overview • Our maininterests • Current SIENA studies • Main issues & manywishes

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