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Robber Barons or Captains of Industry?. Cornelius Vanderbilt. Railroads $185 billion (today’s money). JP Morgan. Banker US Steel General Electric AT&T $41.5 Billion (today’s $). John D Rockefeller. Oil (kerosene, gasoline) Standard Oil Company $340 billion (today’s). Andrew Carnegie.
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Cornelius Vanderbilt • Railroads • $185 billion (today’s money)
JP Morgan • Banker • US Steel • General Electric • AT&T • $41.5 Billion (today’s $)
John D Rockefeller • Oil (kerosene, gasoline) • Standard Oil Company • $340 billion (today’s)
Andrew Carnegie • Steel • Carnegie Steel Co. • Bessemer Process – cheap steel • “Gospel of Wealth” • $310 billion (today)
Trusts • Vertical Integration – control every step of the manufacturing process • Brainstorm – automobile • Carnegie – steel • Horizontal Integration – ally with competitors to control an entire market • Brainstorm – Nike • Rockefeller – Oil • Trust– group of companies controlled by a single board
Good or Bad? Captains of Industry Robber Barons Long hours, small wages Monopolists Child labor Destroyed small businesses Unfair business practices • Philanthropists • Grand Central Station • Rockefeller Center • Carnegie-Mellon University • Vanderbilt University • Carnegie Libraries • University of Chicago • Jobs • Cheaper products • Bailed gov’t out