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Current Research

Current Research. David Cahen 11/ ’ 12. Bioelectronics Hybrid molecular/non-molecular, organic/inorganic Materials & Interfaces ALTERNATIVE ENERGY. Current Research. David Cahen 11/ ’ 12. Bioelectronics : Proteins as (Opto)Electronic Materials?

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Current Research

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  1. Current Research David Cahen 11/’12 • Bioelectronics • Hybrid molecular/non-molecular, organic/inorganic Materials & Interfaces • ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

  2. Current Research David Cahen 11/’12 • Bioelectronics: Proteins as (Opto)Electronic Materials? Proteins as Organic NPs/core-shell QDs “Doping” Proteins • Hybrid molecular/non-molecular, organic/inorganic Materials & Interfaces * Remaking Silicon and other Semicond. • ALTERNATIVE ENERGY Chemistry & Physics of Light  Electrical Energy conversion * High voltage Solar Cells

  3. Research topics David Cahen *12/’11 Motivation • Understanding & Curiosity (“Everest” research) • Help Meet Energy Challenge • Blend Electronics with Biology QUESTIONS: • (How) can organic molecules change electronics (also with Kronik) ? • (How) can proteins be electronic materials (with M. Sheves) ? Why doesn’t nature use electronic conduction ? • What are the real limits to efficiency x lifetime) /cost of photovoltaic solar energy conversion? (with G. Hodes) • (How) can we make Solar Paint?

  4. Solar Cell Concepts and Materials Basic science towards improving (efficiency x lifetime) /cost of (any) solar cell what are the real limits to PV energy conversion ? • Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor solar cells : re-discovering Si • Mesoporous, nanocrystalline solid junctions   high voltage solar cells (with G. Hodes)

  5. Solar Cell Concepts and Materials Back contact Poly-xtlinep-CdTe V Poly-xtlinen-CdS Conductive oxide Glass h Molecules as “door-men” Effects of molecule adsorption on solar cell performance Adsorbed molecule HOW IS THIS POSSIBLE ? CdTe Adsorption at the PV junction - affects VOC ! ! ! CdS

  6. …because…of physics of dipole layers! Molecules Pinholes SC idealized cartoon

  7. …because…of physics of dipole layers! i.e., we can use even discontinuous incomplete monolayers idealized cartoon Even poorly organized monolayers can do, but need at least average orientation

  8. with M. Bendikov, L. Kronik, R. Naaman A. Kahn (Princeton) Device Outline R = Dipole-forming Molecules use ~10 nm Metal Contact Voc Donor : Organic Light Absorber or ~40 nm ~1 nm + l R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l Monolayer: TrimethoxySilane Acceptor: Transparent Semiconductor SiC, GaN, ZnO, TiO2 + l + l + l + - + - + l Metal Contact + l DONOR ACCEPTOR

  9. Diamond Silicon Cu metals Carbon Nanotubes Pentacene β-Carotene Heme Which types of electronic conductors do we know ? semiconductors Carbon INORGANIC ORGANIC Bio-molecules? Organic(semi)conductors

  10. Transport (yield, reproducibility) Spectroscopy electronic, electrical optical +++ Transport mechanisms Electronics with Bio-Molecules? Electronic Conduction through Proteins & Peptides What controls transport? High quality device structures Theory Electron Transfer Models Electronic structure

  11. Top Electrode Hg drop or “ready-made Au pad” +50 mV Au Hanging Hg drop Lift off float on (LOFO) - Gold 0.2mm2 109 proteins/contact

  12. 2μm A (more) realistic Cartoon!! 10 nm Metallic substrate Protein Studies at single/few molecules level  So … use MACROscopic protein monolayers

  13. but … still, higher over-all currents large measuring ability gain Is also a Cartoon!! intimate 5 µm2 contact to a 0.5 nm2 /molecule monolayer ? contact each grass leaf (~3 cm2) on 70×100 m2 soccer field[Akkerman] ….. ….. contact ….. ….. ….. …..

  14. Electrical top contact Linker layer Conducting substrate contact I-V characteristics protein layers Protein monolayer Conducting substrate

  15. Doping Proteins HSA vs. BSA 3.5 nm 4.4 nm

  16. Doping Proteins HSA-hemin vs. Cyt C 90 meV 85 meV

  17. Electron Transport Mechanisms (bR) Temp. independent Thermally activated Sepunaru et al., JACS 2012

  18. OPEN QUESTIONS • What are the basic solar light  electricity limits? Needed for better cells / solar paint / high Voltage cells  Tailor solar cells with molecules • The inorganic / organic, non-molecular / molecular interface, the next frontier for electronics? • (How) can we use proteins as Bioelectronics building blocks? Why is Electron Transport across proteins so efficient ? • Study Peptides • Use also CP-AFM and Electrochemistry • Study biological function effects (e.g., CO/O2 on myoglobin) • Make new composite materials using protein / NP analogy FURTHER collaborationin WIS with: R. Naaman, I. Lubomirsky, S.Cohen, H.Cohen, D. Oron in Israel with Technion, Bar Ilan U, Tel Aviv U outside Israelwith Princeton, Wageningen, UNSW, UT Dallas, NREL, U. Cyprus, Chiba U…...

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