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Chapter 8 Study Questions

Chapter 8 Study Questions. How do managers plan? What types of plans do managers use? What are the useful planning tools and techniques? Controlling. Planning and Controlling. 1.

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Chapter 8 Study Questions

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  1. Chapter 8 Study Questions How do managers plan? What types of plans do managers use? What are the useful planning tools and techniques? Controlling Planning and Controlling 1 Slides modified from Management Chapter 8, Higher Education Canada, John Wiley and Sons <http://ca.he.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-305247.html>

  2. Context:Planning and Controlling within the management process. Management - Chapter 8 2

  3. Context:Planning within the management process. Management - Chapter 8 3

  4. Study Question 1: How do managers plan? Planning The process of setting objectives and determining how to best accomplish them. Objectives Identify the specific results or desired outcomes that one intends to achieve. Plan A statement of action steps to be taken in order to accomplish the objectives. Management - Chapter 8 4

  5. Steps in the planning process: Define your objectives. Determine where you stand vis-à-vis objectives. Develop premises regarding future conditions. Analyze and choose among action alternatives. Implement the plan and evaluate results. Study Question 1: How do managers plan? Management - Chapter 8 5

  6. A means-ends chain for TQM project: Study Question 1: How do managers plan? • Cascade of objectives ... or ... Nested objectives Management - Chapter 8 6

  7. Time depends on industry / context Short-range: 1 year or less Intermediate-range: 1-3 years Long-range: 3-5 or even 10 years Strategic vs. operational Strategy – example: to be the price leader and the low-cost supplier among “green” manufacturers Operational plans: Production, finance, facilities, marketing, human resources Single use vs. standing plans Policies and procedures – standing Budgets and project plans – one-off Study Question 2: Types of plans Management - Chapter 8 7

  8. Forecasting Contingency planning Scenario planning Benchmarking Staff planners Participation and involvement MBO, RBO Study Question 3: Planning tools and techniques Management - Chapter 8 8

  9. Participatory planning builds commitment Study Question 3: Planning tools and techniques Management - Chapter 8 9

  10. Chapter 8 Study Questions How do managers plan? What types of plans do managers use? What are the useful planning tools and techniques? Controlling Planning and Controlling 10 Slides modified from Management Chapter 8, Higher Education Canada, John Wiley and Sons <http://ca.he.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-305247.html>

  11. Chapter 8 Study Questions What is the control process? What types of controls are used? What are the common organizational controls? Planning Planning and Controlling 11 Slides modified from Management Chapter 8, Higher Education Canada, John Wiley and Sons <http://ca.he.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-305247.html>

  12. Context:Controlling within the management process. Management - Chapter 8 12

  13. Controlling The process of measuring performance and taking action to ensure desired results. Has a positive and necessary role in the management process. Ensures that the right things happen, in the right way, at the right time. Organizational learning and after-action review. Study Question 4: What is the control process? Management - Chapter 8 13

  14. Control Process Study Question 4: What is the control process? Management - Chapter 8 14

  15. Establishing objectives and standards Output standards Measure performance results Quantity, quality, cost, or time Input standards Measure effort Amount of work expended in task performance Study Question 4: What is the control process? Management - Chapter 8 15

  16. Measuring actual performance Goal: accurate measurement of actual performance results and/or performance efforts ID significant deviations: plan vs. actual results Effective control requires measurement Study Question 4: What is the control process? Management - Chapter 8 16

  17. Comparing results with objectives and standards Need for action reflects extent of deviation Comparison methods: Historical comparison Relative comparison Engineering comparison Study Question 4: What is the control process? Management - Chapter 8 17

  18. Taking corrective action Deviation  Action Management by exception Which situations show the greatest need for action? Types of exceptions Problems Opportunities Study Question 4: What is the control process? Management - Chapter 8 18

  19. Study Question 5: What types of controls are used? • Feedforward, concurrent, and feedback controls • Internal and external control • Self – discipline vs. supervision Management - Chapter 8 19

  20. Feedforward, concurrent, and feedback controls Study Question 5: What types of controls are used? Management - Chapter 8 20

  21. Study Question 6: Common organizational controls • MBO, RBO • Employee discipline systems • Financial performance • Break-even analysis • Purchasing control • Inventory control • Statistical quality control

  22. MBO: Management by objectives as an integrated planning and control framework. Study Question 6: Common organizational controls Management - Chapter 8 22

  23. Chapter 8 Study Questions What is the control process? What types of controls are used? What are the common organizational controls? Planning Planning and Controlling 23 Slides modified from Management Chapter 8, Higher Education Canada, John Wiley and Sons <http://ca.he.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-305247.html>

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