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Methods for Pressure Ulcer Prevention: Comparative Study on Topical Agents and Dressings

This resource discusses pressure ulcer prevention methods, focusing on comparing the effectiveness of topical agents and dressings. Two studies are analyzed, revealing inconsistent results and the need for more comprehensive trials and technology advancements for better prevention strategies.

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Methods for Pressure Ulcer Prevention: Comparative Study on Topical Agents and Dressings

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  1. Methods for PressureUlcer Prevention Jeremy Doody Biomedical Engineering 2018 10/6/15

  2. What is an Ulcer? • Also known as pressure sores or bed sores • Occurs on bony area of body (ex: hip) • Damage to skin and tissue • Elderly/bedridden people are more succeptable • 4 stages of Ulcers

  3. Solutions • Detect and treat as early as possible • Dressings (bandages) • Topical Agents • Turning to elleviate pressure spots • Cleanliness

  4. Comparing Topical Agents with Placebo • Houwing study • 4 week study split patients into 3 groups • Intervention group- 29 patients given DMSO-cream every 6 hours • Placebo group- 32 patients given a “fake cream” every 6 hours • Control group- 18 patients given no cream • All groups changed their lying position by 30 degrees every 6 hours

  5. Results of Study • 62.1% got ulcers in the intervention group • 31.3% got ulcers in the placebo group • 38.9% got ulcers in the control group • Effectiveness based on risk ratio (RR) • There was no statistically significant difference in pressure ulcer incidence between the intervention and the control group (RR 1.60, 95% CI 0.84 to 3.04). • There was no statistically significant difference in pressure ulcer incidence between the placebo and control group (RR=0.80, 95% CI 0.37 to 1.74). • There was a statistically significant difference in pressure ulcer incidence between the intervention and the placebo group (RR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.10 to 3.57).

  6. Dressing vs. No Dressing • Kalowes study • This study followed up participants while in the intensive care unit • average length of stay was 6.5 days (range was 0 to 120 days) • Intervention group- 169 patients had a dressing applied to the skin covering the tailbone area • Control group- 166 patients had no dressing applied.

  7. Results of Study • Intervention group- 0.4% got ulcers • Control group- 4% got ulcers • Effectiveness based on risk ratio (RR)

  8. Conclusion • Topical agents actually increased ulcers in Houwing study • Topical agents vs. placebo was inconclusive • Dressings decreased ulcer occurance in Kalowes study • Dressings were effective in general • Studies were inconsistent with each other (ex: follow up times)

  9. The future • Trials should be bigger to show more meaningful results • More variables should be kept constant • Better technology could create more effective topical agents, dressings, or a combo of both.

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