What’s made from oil?

1. What’s made from oil? Education Presentation of the Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center

2. Introduction to CATSB • What and who we are: • Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds • A group of researchers across the country working together to create new catalysts • Faculty, graduate students and post-doctoral fellows work together to solve research problems. • Funded by the National Science Foundation Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center

3. How do we do this? • Meet via teleconference and IM to share results and ideas • Meet in-person yearly Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center

4. What is a catalyst? • A chemical in a reaction that increases the reaction rate, but is unchanged by the reaction • Can be big (an enzyme) or small (a proton) • Can make the reaction more efficient, more selective, and much faster • Catalysts cannot make unfavorable reactions happen – they only speed up reactions that will happen anyway • Where do we find catalysts? • Enzymes in your body • Catalytic converters in cars • Used in chemical plants Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center

5. Introduction to CATSB • What our purpose/mission is: • Create novel catalysts that: • Perform new reactions – especially to break “strong” bonds • Are more efficient • Are “greener” Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center

6. Introduction to Petroleum • Petroleum is a mixture of a number of substances: • Crude oil • Natural gas • Methane (for stoves & gas furnaces) • Butane (lighters) • Ethane (eventually made into plastic) • Propane (BBQ fuel) Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center

7. Common Petroleum Products • Fuels: • Include gasoline, diesel, and jet fuels • Used mostly for transportation • Account for 67% of oil consumption in US Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center

8. Common Petroleum Products • Polymers: • POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE • Dacron, Mylar, 2-liter pop bottles • POLYETHYLENE • Milk bottles (HD), sandwich bags (LD) • POLYVINYL CHLORIDE • Pipes, raincoats, shower curtains Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center

9. Common Petroleum Products • Polymers (cont’d) • POLYPROPYLENE • Interior trim in cars, yogurt containers, clothing, carpet • POLYSTYRENE • Food containers, insulation, Styrofoam, refrigerator interiors • POLYTETRAFLUORO-ETHYLENE • Teflon (non-stick coating) Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center

10. Common Petroleum Products • Polymers (cont’d) • POLYURETHANE • Lycra spandex, foam for upholstery, hard foams for sailboards and light aircraft wings • POLYAMIDE • Nylon for carpeting, clothing, brushes, artificial turf, gears and rods • POLYACRYLAMIDE • Very absorbent polymer used in diapers, potting soil (releases water in presence of salt) Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center

11. Others New car smell Ink Insecticides Deodorant Shoes Glue Hand lotion Soft contact lenses Fertilizers Hair coloring Dentures Lipstick Shampoo Food preservatives Tape Anesthetics House Paint Ammonia Safety glasses Pillows and sleeping bags Candles Rubbing Alcohol Perfume Heart valves Aspirin Common Petroleum Products Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center

12. Where is Aspirin From? Center for the Activation and Transformation of Strong Bonds - An NSF Chemical Bonding Center