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The World Wide Web and the Internet

The World Wide Web and the Internet. MIS XLM.B. Jack G. Zheng May 13 th 2008. Overview. The Internet World Wide Web Searching on the Web. Introduction. The Internet a world-wide network of networks and computers based on IP (Internet Protocol) World Wide Web, or Web

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The World Wide Web and the Internet

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  1. The World Wide Web and the Internet MIS XLM.B Jack G. Zheng May 13th 2008

  2. Overview • The Internet • World Wide Web • Searching on the Web

  3. Introduction • The Internet • a world-wide network of networks and computers based on IP (Internet Protocol) • World Wide Web, or Web • An Internet application based on HTTP protocol

  4. The Internet Image source: www.wagoneers.com

  5. Internet: Putting It Together Internet backbone Adapted from figure B.8 on page 114

  6. How are computers connected world wide? • The Internet Backbone • Major sets of connections • Who operates the Internet backbone? • Network service provider (NSP): • Also called backbone operator, usually providing services to ISPs • MCI, AT&T, … (see more here) • ISP (internet service provider) is a company that provides individuals, organizations, and businesses access to the Internet • Biggest ISP1 • AOL: 22.2M users; MSN: 8.7M (2003); Comcast: 7.0M; EarthLink: 5.4M; SBC: 5.1M • GSU? GSU wireless access http://wireless.gsu.edu 1 Data from: http://www.isp-planet.com/research/rankings/usa_h.html (Q4 2004)

  7. Internet Servers and Applications • Internet server computer provides information and services on the Internet • Web server • Mail server • FTP (file transfer protocol) server • Router • Connects different networks (routing) • Client computer

  8. Internet Communication Protocols • Communication protocol is a set of rules and format to transfer information • TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/Internet protocol) • The featured protocol of the Internet • Application protocols • HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) • FTP (file transfer protocol)

  9. World Wide Web Total Sites Across All Domains September 1995 - June 2005 Source: http://news.netcraft.com

  10. Understanding WWW • Some history • Tim Berners-Lee, the creator of the Web (1989) • Read more • http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/ • http://www.slac.stanford.edu/history/earlyweb/ • Three most important things for Web • HTML (hypertext markup language) • HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) • URL or URI (uniform resource locator)

  11. Domain Name • [Domain Name System (DNS)] • A system that provides the mapping between IP and domain name • Internet Corporation For Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) • Top-level domains: • 2 letter country code: us, uk, jp, ca, au, cn, … • Created in 1980 • .com – commercial or for-profit business • .net – Internet administrative organization • .org – professional or non-profit organization • .edu – educational institution • .gov – U.S. government agency • .int – international treaties organization • .mil – U.S. military organization • Created in 2000 • coop, info, biz, museum, name, pro, aero

  12. Understanding URL http://www2.gsu.edu/~wwwaux/panthercard/index.htm • The complete link is a URL • “http” is the protocol • “www2.gsu.edu” is the domain • “www2.gsu.edu/~wwwaux/” is the web site (of GSU Auxiliary and Support Services) • “index.htm” is the actual file (web page).

  13. Web Server • Web server • Web server hosts websites, providing files and applications (services) • Web applications • software applications delivered through web technologies (HTTP, HTML, web server, browser, ...) • Examples • Searching • Shopping • News • Forum • Survey • BLog • … Market Share for Top Servers Across All Domains. Source: netcraft.com

  14. Web Client (Browser) • Web browser software (web client) • Provides a web interface for users • It understands HTML, scripts and works with other plug-ins • Web browser products: • WorldWideWeb • Internet Explorer (Microsoft) • Mozilla (formerly Netscape Navigator) • Firefox

  15. Searching on the Web • Two major ways to seek information on the web • Searching: using a true search engine • Navigating: using structures, such as directories, site maps, indexes • Search engine: an application that indexes and organizes resources on the web for people to search • “Directory search engine” • Yahoo! Directory • Google Directory (open directory http://dmoz.org/) • Automated search engine • Automated search engine uses software agent (web crawler) technologies to search the Web and put resources into databases; then users search by key words or other criteria

  16. Web Resources • Histories • http://livinginternet.com • http://www.netvalley.com/intvalconcl.html • About search engine • http://searchenginewatch.com/ • How does DNS work • http://www.howstuffworks.com/dns.htm • Internet access information • http://www.dslreports.com

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