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Unconventional Gas Sources Tight Gas CBM Gas Shales

Unconventional Gas Sources Tight Gas CBM Gas Shales . US Has 211 tcf proved reserves 1,750 tcf technically recoverable 60% on shore reserves are unconvetional Consumes 23 tcf /day Produces 20 tcf /day. Gas Production. Gas Usage . Shale Gas

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Unconventional Gas Sources Tight Gas CBM Gas Shales

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  1. Unconventional Gas Sources • Tight Gas • CBM • Gas Shales

  2. US Has 211 tcf proved reserves 1,750 tcf technically recoverable 60% on shore reserves are unconvetional Consumes 23 tcf/day Produces 20 tcf/day

  3. Gas Production

  4. Gas Usage

  5. Shale Gas • Wells produce from low perm shale formations that are also the source for the natural gas. Gas stored in the porosity and macro porosity and can be adsorbed onto the minerals or organic matter in the shale

  6. Tight Gas • Wells produce from low porosity low permeability sandstones or carbonites.

  7. Unconvental Gas • Tight gas – Low Perm • CBM – 10% of present production • Gas Shales – 10% of present production

  8. Background of Shale Gas The first well drilled in 1821, Fredonia, NY Some work in Ohio area pre WWII First real big play Barnett in North Texas Big Frac jobs 1987 Horizontal well 1992 Combined with stages frac jobs 1998

  9. Gas Shales vs Tight Gas The main difference is that the oil and gas shales are the source rock for the hydrocarbons. In tight reservoirs the gas migrates from the shale to the production formation, in the gas shales the shale formationisso tight that the gas or oil cannot or is limited in migrating out. The gas is stored in the porosity of both types of reservoirs.

  10. Factors in making a good gas shale field Total Organic Content TOC Thermal Maturity Fracture network Quartz and clay % Formation Brittleness Pressure gradient Thickness Porosity

  11. Thermal Maturity The breakdown of the organic material Kerogen (pre oil gas) The more mature the better Vitrinite Reflectance Carbon isotopes 13C to 12C Many reservoirs will have different areas of maturity shown by wet and dry areas

  12. Eagle Ford

  13. Characteristics of a reservoir Barnett 7500 ft Pressure 4000 psi Temperature 200 F Porosity 6% Perm 250 nD Adsorbed gas 35% Pressure gradient .526 psi/ft

  14. What works in Oil and Gas Shales Some fields have been developed with Vertical wells with large frac jobs Most today are developed with Horizontal wells with multi staged frac jobs Some of the frac jobs can exceed 4,000,000 gallons

  15. To quiet drilling operations

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